This study evaluates the usage of the SWAN model forced with modified wind field along the Mediterranean Sea. ECMWF ERA-Interim wind field was used to force the model. Third-generation SWAN model was applied in non-stationary mode with linear and exponential growth from wind including both deep and shallow water wave dissipation processes. Four locations have been considered to calibrate and validate the model on spatial and temporal scales, two wave buoys at Alghero and Mazara, Italy in the western Mediterranean during years 1990 and 1998; and two S4DW devices along the Egyptian Mediterranean Coast in the eastern Mediterranean during the years 2004 and 2010. ECMWF wind field and its influence on the different wave parameters were assessed. Model calibration results revealed that enhancing the ECMWF ERA-Interim wind field by 20%–25% gives good matching results in hindcasting significant wave height with better estimates of extreme events using a 25% enhancement factor. However, no considerable improvements were observed in simulating the wave period that is underestimated by the SWAN model. The validation results showed the high performance of the calibrated SWAN model with the modified wind field with an average RMSE and scatter index of about 0.29 m and 31% respectively. Increasing the wind field higher than 25% gives comparable results but with significant overestimation of the storm conditions. Considerable underestimations were detected for significant wave height below 1 m even with using Wind Enhancement Factor (WEF). These results were also validated by comparison with previous studies. A 31-years (1988–2018) wave atlas was obtained from which the general description of wave climate along the Mediterranean Sea was explained. The high-resolution SWAN model allows us to study the wave climate and extreme wave conditions along the southeastern Mediterranean basin providing necessary information for the development of this coastal zone.

这项研究评估了SWAN模型在地中海沿风场强迫下的使用情况。ECMWF ERA-临时风场用于强制模型。第三代SWAN模型在非平稳模式下应用，其风的线性和指数增长包括深水和浅水波的消散过程。已经考虑了四个地点在空间和时间尺度上对模型进行校准和验证，1990年和1998年分别在地中海西部的意大利阿尔盖罗和马扎拉两个浮标；在2004年至2010年期间，在地中海东部的埃及地中海沿岸安装了两个S4DW设备。评估了ECMWF风场及其对不同波浪参数的影响。模型校准结果表明，将ECMWF ERA临时风场增强20％–25％，可以在后播显着波高时获得良好的匹配结果，并使用25％增强因子更好地估计极端事件。但是，在模拟被SWAN模型低估的波浪周期时，没有观察到明显的改进。验证结果表明，经修正的SWAN模型具有改进的风场，其平均RMSE和散布指数分别约为0.29 m和31％，具有较高的性能。将风场增加到25％以上可获得可比的结果，但是对风暴条件的估计过高。即使使用风力增强因子（WEF），对于1 m以下的显着波高也检测到相当低估。通过与以前的研究进行比较，也验证了这些结果。获得了31年（1988-2018年）海浪图集，从中解释了地中海沿岸海浪气候的一般描述。高分辨率的SWAN模型使我们能够研究东南地中海盆地的海浪气候和极端海浪条件，从而为该沿海地​​区的发展提供必要的信息。