Psychopathy has been long associated with anxiety, and anxiety has been argued to play an important role in psychopathy-related behaviors, such as aggression. However, these associations have not yet been explored in Not Guilty by Reason of Insanity (NGRI) Acquittees. The goals of the present study were to test the correlations between the 4-facet psychopathy construct and anxiety, and to assess whether anxiety mediates the association between psychopathy and aggression. In a sample of 81 NGRI acquittees, anxiety was positively related to the lifestyle facet. When testing the mediating role of anxiety on the psychopathy-aggression link, the results showed that low anxiety mediated the link between the interpersonal facet and aggression. By contrast, high anxiety mediated the link between the lifestyle facet and aggression. These results highlight the disparate associations between specific psychopathy features and anxiety in predicting aggressive behavior. The present findings demonstrate that violence reduction strategies may need to become more tailored to individual needs when it comes to reducing risk among people with varying levels of psychopathic traits and serious mental illness.

长期以来，精神病一直与焦虑联系在一起，人们认为焦虑在与精神病相关的行为（例如攻击性）中起着重要作用。然而，这些关联尚未在《无罪无罪》(NGRI) 无罪者中进行探讨。本研究的目标是测试 4 方面精神病结构与焦虑之间的相关性，并评估焦虑是否介导了精神病与攻击性之间的关联。在 81 名 NGRI 无罪释放者的样本中，焦虑与生活方式方面呈正相关。当测试焦虑对精神病 - 攻击性链接的中介作用时，结果表明，低焦虑介导了人际方面与攻击性之间的联系。相比之下，高度焦虑介导了生活方式与攻击性之间的联系。这些结果突出了特定精神病特征与预测攻击行为的焦虑之间的不同关联。目前的研究结果表明，在降低具有不同程度精神病特征和严重精神疾病的人群的风险时，减少暴力策略可能需要更加适应个人需求。