Abstract

Bladder cancer (BCa) is one of the most frequent urogenital malignancies which is mainly observed among men. There are various genetic and environmental risk factors associated with BCa progression. Transurethral endoscopic resection and open ablative surgery are the main treatment options for muscle invasive BCa. BCG therapy is also employed following the endoscopic resection to prevent tumor relapse. The tumor microenvironment is the main interaction site of tumor cells and immune system in which the immune cells are recruited via chemokines and chemokine receptors. In present review we summarized the main chemokines and chemokine receptors which have been associated with histopathological features of BCa patients in the world. This review highlights the chemokines and chemokine receptors as critical markers in early detection and therapeutic purposes among BCa patients and clarifies their molecular functions during BCa progression and metastasis.

摘要

膀胱癌（BCa）是最常见的泌尿生殖系统恶性肿瘤之一，主要见于男性。存在与 BCa 进展相关的各种遗传和环境风险因素。经尿道内窥镜切除术和开放性消融手术是肌肉侵入性 BCa 的主要治疗选择。在内窥镜切除术后也采用卡介苗治疗以防止肿瘤复发。肿瘤微环境是肿瘤细胞与免疫系统相互作用的主要部位，其中免疫细胞通过趋化因子和趋化因子受体募集。在本综述中，我们总结了世界上与 BCa 患者的组织病理学特征相关的主要趋化因子和趋化因子受体。