The area known today as Lavreotiki corresponds roughly to the ancient mining district of Lavrion, located in the south-easternmost part of Attica in Greece. In Classical times, the 5000 hectares of mines and metallurgical workshops provided the wealth to enable the Polis of Athens (the Athenian city-state) to become the leading hegemonic political power in the Greek world. During this time, Thorikos was one of 10 Attic Demes in the mining district, extending over a complex system of alluvial valleys and across the slopes of the surrounding hills. Archaeological research in this area has previously revealed a theatre, a double doric stoa, mines and metallurgical workshops, dispersed or in clusters. The geoarchaeological investigation presented in this paper attempts to shed light on the spatial organization of the ancient Attic Deme of Thorikos through developing an understanding of the contemporaneous palaeoenvironment. It is designed to test the hypothesis that the ‘Double Doric Stoa’ building was originally part of the Thorician community centre, that is, its Agora, and to suggest possible locations for the Deme's harbour. A geophysical survey of the Thorikos Valley was conducted in regional mode utilizing frequency electromagnetic method (FEM) measurements in order to accommodate a local salinization phenomenon and in local mode, around a ‘Double Doric Stoa’ building, with FEM and ground-penetrating radar (GPR) measurements. The survey used electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) profiles for deep investigation. This multi-proxy survey generated a stratigraphy for the palaeoenvironment around the ‘Double Doric Stoa’ building and revealed outlines of anthropogenic, probably ancient, structures. The results suggest that the surveyed area and its features lay on a peninsula-like land formation, close to the palaeo-coastline (thus providing clues to the location of the ancient harbour), and that the dispersion and outlines of the buried anthropogenic structures corroborate the interpretation of the site as the Thorician Agora.

中文翻译：

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在希腊阿提卡的 Thorikos 山谷以区域和本地模式进行地球物理调查，试图回答考古问题

今天被称为 Lavreotiki 的地区大致对应于位于希腊阿提卡最东南部的 Lavrion 的古老矿区。在古典时期，5000 公顷的矿山和冶金作坊提供了财富，使雅典城邦（雅典城邦）成为希腊世界领先的霸权政治力量。在此期间，Thorikos 是矿区的 10 个阁楼 Demes 之一，延伸到一个复杂的冲积山谷系统和周围山坡上。该地区的考古研究此前揭示了一个剧院、一个双多立克柱式柱廊、矿山和冶金车间，分散或成群结队。本文提出的地质考古调查试图通过对同时代古环境的理解来阐明古代托里科斯阁楼的空间组织。它旨在检验“Double Doric Stoa”建筑最初是 Thorician 社区中心（即其集市）的一部分的假设，并为 Deme 的港口提出可能的位置。为了适应局部盐碱化现象，利用频率电磁法 (FEM) 测量以区域模式对 Thorikos 山谷进行地球物理调查，并在局部模式下，在“Double Doric Stoa”建筑物周围，使用 FEM 和探地雷达（ GPR) 测量。该调查使用电阻率断层扫描 (ERT) 剖面进行深入调查。这项多方调查为“双多立克柱廊”建筑周围的古环境生成了地层学，并揭示了可能是古老的人为结构的轮廓。结果表明，调查区域及其特征位于一个半岛状的地层上，靠近古海岸线（从而为古港口的位置提供了线索），并且埋藏的人为结构的分散和轮廓证实了这一点将该站点解释为Thorician Agora。