Biases in land‐atmosphere interaction simulations may originate from different model components or parameterizations and are transferred to the land‐atmosphere system, which causes biases in weather and climate predictions. With a focus on East Asia, we analyze the relationships between land surface sensible and latent heat fluxes (SH and LH), evaporative fraction (EF), soil moisture, and lifting condensation level (LCL) height in ERA5 and MERRA‐2 reanalyzes and simulations from a regional climate model (CWRF) with multiple parameterizations. The results show that SH (soil moisture and EF) is generally positively (negatively) correlated with LCL height because of their mutual positive (negative) influence and the positive feedback loops. The LH‐LCL relationship is sensitive to the local climate and generally positive in humid climates and negative in the semiarid climate; however, only negative correlations can be indicative of a possible impact of LH on LCL. MERRA‐2 shows an overall stronger influence of land on LCL height than ERA5 and CWRF. Different CWRF parameterizations produce different and sometimes contrasting LH‐LCL relationships, which is strongly related to the simulated climate and can be validated. This highlights the need for a deep process‐level understanding of land‐atmosphere interactions in coupled model simulations.

中文翻译：

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地面通量与提升凝结水平之间的耦合：物理参数模型化的机理和敏感性

陆-气相互作用模拟中的偏差可能源自不同的模型组成部分或参数化，并被转移到陆-气系统中，这导致了天气和气候预测的偏差。我们着眼于东亚，分析了ERA5和MERRA-2的土地表面感热通量和潜热通量（SH和LH），蒸发分数（EF），土壤水分和提升凝结水位（LCL）高度之间的关系，并进行了重新分析，来自具有多个参数化的区域气候模型（CWRF）的模拟。结果表明，SH（土壤水分和EF）通常与LCL高度呈正相关（负相关），因为它们相互具有正（负）影响和正反馈回路。LH-LCL关系对当地气候敏感，在潮湿气候中通常为正，而在半干旱气候中则为负。但是，只有负相关可以指示LH对LCL的可能影响。与ERA5和CWRF相比，MERRA-2显示土地对LCL高度的总体影响更大。不同的CWRF参数设置会产生不同的，有时甚至是相反的LH-LCL关系，这与模拟气候密切相关，并且可以进行验证。这凸显了在耦合模型模拟中需要对过程与陆地-大气相互作用的深刻理解。不同的CWRF参数设置会产生不同的LH-LCL关系，有时甚至会形成对比，这与模拟气候密切相关，可以进行验证。这凸显了在耦合模型模拟中需要对过程与陆地-大气相互作用的深刻理解。不同的CWRF参数设置会产生不同的，有时甚至是相反的LH-LCL关系，这与模拟气候密切相关，并且可以进行验证。这凸显了在耦合模型模拟中需要对过程与陆地-大气相互作用的深刻理解。