Acoustic vector hydrophones are well-known for their ability in estimating the direction of arrival (DOA) of incoming signals. Moreover, despite its directivity, a vector hydrophone is capable of providing information about the received signal strength (RSS), just as an isotropic hydrophone. In this paper, a heterogeneous positioning system consisting of an isotropic and a vector hydrophone is considered and, then, a novel positioning algorithm for localization of an acoustic underwater source located in the near field is developed. In this context, a new efficient algorithm is proposed for DOA estimation by performing the space-frequency processing on the vector hydrophone's data. Then, the range estimation problem is formulated in terms of the Lambert W function by considering the estimated DOA and employing the RSS measurements. In the case where the source is located nearer to the vector hydrophone than to the isotropic hydrophone, a solution for the source range is derived. Furthermore, the estimated range is significantly improved through a novel procedure which eliminates the power of background noise in the measured RSS. Moreover, the effects of shadowing, colored noise, multipath propagation, and mismatch in the channel parameters on the proposed method are investigated. Simulation results indicate reasonable improvement in terms of DOA accuracy compared to the prototype eigenstructure-based algorithm.

声矢量水听器以其估计传入信号的到达方向（DOA）的能力而闻名。而且，尽管具有方向性，矢量水听器也能够像各向同性水听器一样提供有关接收信号强度（RSS）的信息。本文考虑了由各向同性和矢量水听器组成的异构定位系统，然后，提出了一种新的定位算法，用于定位位于近场的水下声源。在这种情况下，提出了一种通过对矢量水听器数据进行空频处理来进行DOA估计的高效算法。然后，根据兰伯特W公式确定范围估计问题通过考虑估计的DOA并采用RSS测量来发挥功能。在源比矢量水听器更靠近各向同性水听器的情况下，得出源范围的解。此外，通过一种新颖的程序可以显着改善估计范围，该程序消除了所测RSS中背景噪声的影响。此外，研究了阴影，彩色噪声，多径传播和信道参数失配对所提方法的影响。仿真结果表明，与基于原型本征结构的算法相比，DOA精度得到了合理的提高。