Internet of things (IoT) is one of the main application scenarios of 5th generation mobile networks (5G). Along with the rapid development of 5G, IoT terminal devices will create big data. Generally, IoT terminal devices are lightweight user equipments, for example, wearable devices. In order to take use of these lightweight terminal devices, it is a feasible way to outsource these created big data to the public cloud. When these data are out of the client’s control, it is of crucial importance to ensure the remote data integrity. To solve the weaknesses of the existing remote data integrity checking schemes, we propose the concept of blockchain-based remote data integrity checking (RDIC) scheme for big data. The new concept makes use of blockchain technique which greatly improves the efficiency and security of RDIC. First, the system model and security definition are given for the proposed RDIC scheme by using blockchain. Then, by using efficient modular arithmetic, RSA digital signature, blockchain, etc, we construct a lightweight blockchain-based RDIC scheme. Finally, we analyze its security and performance. The detailed analysis shows that our scheme is provably secure and lightweight.

物联网（IoT）是第五代移动网络（5G）的主要应用场景之一。随着5G的飞速发展，物联网终端设备将创造大数据。通常，IoT终端设备是轻量级的用户设备，例如可穿戴设备。为了使用这些轻量级终端设备，将这些创建的大数据外包给公共云是一种可行的方法。当这些数据超出客户的控制范围时，确保远程数据的完整性至关重要。为了解决现有远程数据完整性检查方案的弱点，我们提出了基于区块链的大数据远程数据完整性检查（RDIC）方案的概念。新概念利用了区块链技术，大大提高了RDIC的效率和安全性。第一的，利用区块链为提出的RDIC方案给出了系统模型和安全性定义。然后，通过使用高效的模块化算法，RSA数字签名，区块链，等，我们构建了一个轻量级的基于区块链的RDIC方案。最后，我们分析其安全性和性能。详细的分析表明，我们的方案可证明是安全且轻巧的。