The last episode of Book 1 of Apollonius’s Argonautica (1.1187–1357) tells the story of Heracles’ loss of his beloved Hylas, snatched away by a spring nymph as he was fetching water to prepare dinner.1 The episode is a key component in the story of Jason and the Argonauts, because it explains why Heracles was not present when they reached Colchis and successfully (with Medea’s help) captured the Golden Fleece. An outline of the story goes as follows. The Argonauts stop in Mysia for the night, and Heracles wanders off in search of a suitable tree to make a replacement oar, having just broken one in an overly exuberant display of rowing. Hylas goes to a spring to fetch water and is drawn into it by a nymph who is overcome by his beauty; he is never seen again. The Argonaut Polyphemus hears Hylas’s cry and runs to tell Heracles what has happened. Heracles, mad with grief, searches frantically, but in vain. The next morning the Argonauts inadvertently set sail without them, leaving in haste to take advantage of a favorable wind. Only later do they notice that three members of their crew are missing. Numerous details in this story suggest that Apollonius is deliberately linking the disappearance of Hylas with the rape of Persephone in the Homeric Hymn to Demeter. Richard Hunter (1993, 40–41) lists the following as parallels and contrasts: both rapes happen with Zeus’s “‘consent’”; Persephone is taken when her mother is not there, and Hylas is away from a father substitute, Heracles; Persephone bends to pick the flower, Hylas bends to fill his pitcher at the spring; both Persephone and Hylas cry out, and are heard by someone not their parent; Demeter tears her veil, Heracles throws away his tree (Hunter identifies this parallel as tentative and humorous); Demeter is described as a bird speeding over land and sea, Heracles is compared to a bull stung by a gadfly; Polyphemus and Hecate serve as messengers to tell the parent what has happened—in both cases the reaction is swift; the daughters of Celeus encounter Demeter at a well where they have come to fetch water (as Hylas was doing); they do not recognize Demeter whereas Polyphemus does recognize Heracles (eu\ dev min e[gnw, 1.1254); Demeter tells a story of

中文翻译：

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赫拉克勒斯、海拉斯和荷马赞美诗在阿波罗尼乌斯的《阿尔戈航海》中对得墨忒耳

Apollonius 的 Argonautica（1.1187-1357）第一卷的最后一集讲述了赫拉克勒斯失去他心爱的海拉斯的故事，他在打水准备晚餐时被一个春天的仙女抢走了。杰森和阿尔戈英雄的故事，因为它解释了为什么当他们到达科尔基斯并成功（在美狄亚的帮助下）捕获金羊毛时赫拉克勒斯不在场。故事的概要如下。Argonauts 在 Mysia 停留了一夜，Heracles 徘徊寻找一棵合适的树来制作替换桨，在过度兴奋的划船表演中刚刚折断了一根。海拉斯去一个泉水取水，被一个被美貌征服的仙女拉进了泉水中；他再也没有见过。阿尔戈英雄波吕斐摩斯听到海拉斯的哭声，跑去告诉赫拉克勒斯发生了什么事。赫拉克勒斯悲痛欲绝，疯狂地寻找，但徒劳无功。第二天早上，Argonauts 无意中在没有他们的情况下启航，匆忙离开以利用有利的风。后来他们才注意到他们的三名船员失踪了。这个故事中的许多细节表明，阿波罗尼乌斯故意将海拉斯的失踪与荷马赞美诗中珀尔塞福涅的强奸与得墨忒耳联系起来。理查德·亨特 (Richard Hunter，1993, 40-41) 将以下内容列为平行和对比：两次强奸都是在宙斯的“同意”下发生的；珀耳塞福涅在她母亲不在时被带走，海拉斯远离父亲的替代者赫拉克勒斯；珀尔塞福涅弯腰摘花，海拉斯弯腰在春天装满他的水罐；珀尔塞福涅和海拉斯都哭了，被不是他们父母的人听到了；得墨忒耳撕开她的面纱，赫拉克勒斯扔掉了他的树（亨特认为这个比喻是试探性的和幽默的）；得墨忒耳被描述为飞越陆地和海洋的鸟，赫拉克勒斯被比作被牛虻蜇伤的公牛；Polyphemus 和 Hecate 作为信使告诉父母发生了什么事——在这两种情况下反应都很快；Celeus 的女儿们在他们来打水的井里遇到了 Demeter（就像 Hylas 所做的那样）；他们不认得得墨忒耳，而波吕斐摩斯认得赫拉克勒斯 (eu\ dev min e[gnw, 1.1254); 得墨忒耳讲了一个故事 Celeus 的女儿们在他们来打水的井里遇到了 Demeter（就像 Hylas 所做的那样）；他们不认得得墨忒耳，而波吕斐摩斯认得赫拉克勒斯 (eu\ dev min e[gnw, 1.1254); 得墨忒耳讲了一个故事 Celeus 的女儿们在他们来打水的井里遇到了 Demeter（就像 Hylas 所做的那样）；他们不认得得墨忒耳，而波吕斐摩斯认得赫拉克勒斯 (eu\ dev min e[gnw, 1.1254); 得墨忒耳讲了一个故事