Abstract:The Ghost of Clytemnestra is the first afterlife figure in extant Greek literature to call for vengeance instead of ritual burial. She goads the Erinyes to kill Orestes in order to rectify the wrongs she has suffered. Yet the living Clytemnestra has already proven manipulative, politically usurping, and murderous; her Ghost attacks her own son. Further, the Ghost's lack of substance (as eidōlon, psychē, or onar) distances her from the living world. On what ethical grounds, then, does the Ghost base her claims? How can a character so far beyond the boundaries of societal norms demand serious ethical consideration?

中文翻译：

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Eumenides 中的克吕泰涅斯特拉幽灵：超越人类极限的伦理主张

摘要：克吕泰涅斯特拉的幽灵是现存希腊文学中第一个呼吁复仇而不是葬礼的来世人物。她煽动厄里涅斯杀死俄瑞斯忒斯，以纠正她所遭受的错误。然而，活着的克吕泰涅斯特拉已经被证明具有操纵性、政治篡位和凶残性。她的幽灵攻击她自己的儿子。此外，幽灵缺乏实体（如 eidōlon、psychē 或 onar）使她与生活世界保持距离。那么，幽灵基于什么道德理由提出了她的主张？一个远远超出社会规范界限的角色如何需要认真的伦理考虑？