This paper examines Xenophon’s destabilizing of gender polarities in his depiction in the Hellenica of Mania of Dardanus, a widow who rules on behalf of the satrap Pharnabazus in the Persian-controlled Troad. One of the historian’s strategies is to shift the attitudes of readers by modeling the response of an authoritative character within the text, and another is to evoke traditional stereotypes associated with Eastern widow rulers, only to upturn them. I argue that Xenophon’s gender destabilization in the Eastern context goes hand in hand with his problematizing of the associated Greek binary conception of East/West.

中文翻译：

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Panthea 的姐妹们：通过色诺芬中的性别来协商东西方的极性

本文考察了色诺芬在《达达努斯狂躁症》的希腊描述中对性别两极分化的破坏，达达努斯是一位寡妇，在波斯控制的特罗德中代表总督法尔纳巴祖斯进行统治。历史学家的策略之一是通过模拟文本中权威人物的反应来改变读者的态度，另一个策略是唤起与东方寡妇统治者相关的传统刻板印象，只是为了颠覆它们。我认为色诺芬在东方语境中的性别不稳定与他对相关的希腊东方/西方二元概念的问题化是密切相关的。