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Measurement of the interconnected turgor pressure and envelope elasticity of live bacterial cells
Soft Matter ( IF 2.9 ) Pub Date : 2021-2-8 , DOI: 10.1039/d0sm02075c Huanxin Zhang 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 , Huabin Wang 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 , Jonathan J. Wilksch 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 , Richard A. Strugnell 15, 16, 17, 18 , Michelle L. Gee 15, 19, 20, 21 , Xi-Qiao Feng 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Soft Matter ( IF 2.9 ) Pub Date : 2021-2-8 , DOI: 10.1039/d0sm02075c Huanxin Zhang 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 , Huabin Wang 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 , Jonathan J. Wilksch 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 , Richard A. Strugnell 15, 16, 17, 18 , Michelle L. Gee 15, 19, 20, 21 , Xi-Qiao Feng 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
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Turgor pressure and envelope elasticity of bacterial cells are two mechanical parameters that play a dominant role in cellular deformation, division, and motility. However, a clear understanding of these two properties is lacking because of their strongly interconnected mechanisms. This study established a nanoindentation method to precisely measure the turgor pressure and envelope elasticity of live bacteria. The indentation force–depth curves of Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteria were recorded with atomic force microscopy. Through combination of dimensional analysis and numerical simulations, an explicit expression was derived to decouple the two properties of individual bacteria from the nanoindentation curves. We show that the Young's modulus of bacterial envelope is sensitive to the external osmotic environment, and the turgor pressure is significantly dependent on the external osmotic stress. This method can not only quantify the turgor pressure and envelope elasticity of bacteria, but also help resolve the mechanical behaviors of bacteria in different environments.
中文翻译：
活细菌细胞相互联系的膨胀压力和包膜弹性的测量
细菌细胞的膨胀压力和包膜弹性是在细胞变形，分裂和运动中起主要作用的两个机械参数。但是，由于这两个属性相互关联的机制很强，因此缺乏清晰的了解。这项研究建立了一种纳米压痕方法，可以精确测量活细菌的膨胀压力和包膜弹性。肺炎克雷伯菌的压入力-深度曲线用原子力显微镜记录细菌。通过将尺寸分析和数值模拟相结合，得出了一个明确的表达式，可将单个细菌的两种特性与纳米压痕曲线解耦。我们表明细菌包膜的杨氏模量对外部渗透环境敏感，并且膨胀压力显着取决于外部渗透应力。该方法不仅可以量化细菌的膨胀压力和包膜弹性，而且可以帮助解决细菌在不同环境下的力学行为。
更新日期：2021-02-16
中文翻译：
活细菌细胞相互联系的膨胀压力和包膜弹性的测量
细菌细胞的膨胀压力和包膜弹性是在细胞变形，分裂和运动中起主要作用的两个机械参数。但是，由于这两个属性相互关联的机制很强，因此缺乏清晰的了解。这项研究建立了一种纳米压痕方法，可以精确测量活细菌的膨胀压力和包膜弹性。肺炎克雷伯菌的压入力-深度曲线用原子力显微镜记录细菌。通过将尺寸分析和数值模拟相结合，得出了一个明确的表达式，可将单个细菌的两种特性与纳米压痕曲线解耦。我们表明细菌包膜的杨氏模量对外部渗透环境敏感，并且膨胀压力显着取决于外部渗透应力。该方法不仅可以量化细菌的膨胀压力和包膜弹性，而且可以帮助解决细菌在不同环境下的力学行为。
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