Municipal solid waste has great energy potential as a renewable energy resource, which can be recovered by different waste-to-energy facilities. This study investigates the effective waste-to-energy options towards sustainable solid waste management in Pyongyang, the Democratic People's Republic of Korea. Three waste-to-energy options were investigated in terms of the energy potential and efficiency. The results showed that waste-to-energy option 3 (inclusive of a gasification reactor) could produce the largest net electricity as 58·18 GWh/year, followed by waste-to-energy option 2 (inclusive of a fluidised-bed combustor) and waste-to-energy option 1 (inclusive of a fixed grate combustor plus a fixed dome reactor) as 48·91 and 45·94 GWh/year, respectively. In addition, the gross efficiency of the waste-to-energy options significantly decreased by an average of 5·9%, due to the electricity consumption for the pre-treatment of waste including electricity equivalents by transport of the residues in the waste-to-energy options, accounting for a range of 16·6–19·8% of net efficiency in the options. The results show that waste-to-energy option 3 could be the highly effective option, but it reveals that an environmental aspect and economic feasibility should be considered in a further study, including economic benefits of the digestate from the fixed dome reactor in waste-to-energy option 1.

中文翻译：

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从垃圾衍生的燃料资源中研究有效的废物转化为能源的选择

城市固体废物作为可再生能源具有巨大的能源潜力，可以通过不同的废物转能源设施进行回收。这项研究调查了朝鲜民主主义人民共和国平壤实现可持续固体废物管理的有效废物转化能源方案。在能源潜力和效率方面研究了三种废物转化为能源的方案。结果表明，垃圾发电方案3（包括气化反应器）可产生的最大净电力为58·18 GWh /年，其次是垃圾发电方案2（包括流化床燃烧器）废物能源转换方案1（包括固定炉排燃烧器和固定圆顶反应器）分别为48·91和45·94 GWh /年。此外，废物能源转换方案的总效率平均下降了5·9％，这主要是由于用于废物预处理的电力消耗包括废物能源转换过程中残留物的运输所产生的等价电能。 ，占选项净效率的16·6–19·8％。结果表明，废物转化为能源的方案3可能是非常有效的方案，但它表明在进一步研究中应考虑环境方面和经济可行性，包括废物中固定圆顶反应器的消化液的经济效益。能源选项1。占期权净效率的16·6–19·8％。结果表明，废物转化为能源的方案3可能是非常有效的方案，但它表明，在进一步的研究中应考虑环境方面和经济可行性，包括固定圆顶反应器中消化液在废物处理中的经济效益。能源选项1。占期权净效率的16·6–19·8％。结果表明，废物转化为能源的方案3可能是非常有效的方案，但它表明在进一步研究中应考虑环境方面和经济可行性，包括废物中固定圆顶反应器的消化液的经济效益。能源选项1。