Objective: This ADHD national survey has obtained original data on the assessment and treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) reported by Brazilian paediatricians and child psychiatrists; and has compared their practice. Method: The study questionnaire was delivered to 165 neuro/community paediatricians and 272 child and adolescent psychiatrists. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected and analysed. Results: Paediatricians assess children with a suspected ADHD, but do not feel confident to prescribe methylphenidate alone. Both paediatricians and child psychiatrists consider combined treatment of medication and psychotherapy more effective. Clinicians want to involve other professionals in the medical decisions but experience difficulties accessing specialist services, especially in public practice. Conclusion: This study showed the impact of the public–private mix in the delivery of and access to appropriate assessment and treatment services for children with ADHD in Brazil.

目的：本次 ADHD 全国性调查获得了巴西儿科医生和儿童精神科医生报告的注意力缺陷多动障碍 (ADHD) 评估和治疗的原始数据；并比较了他们的做法。方法：研究问卷分发给 165 名神经/社区儿科医生和 272 名儿童和青少年精神科医生。收集和分析了定量和定性数据。结果：儿科医生评估疑似 ADHD 的儿童，但对单独开哌甲酯没有信心。儿科医生和儿童精神科医生都认为药物和心理治疗相结合更有效。临床医生希望让其他专业人士参与医疗决策，但在获得专科服务时遇到困难，尤其是在公共实践中。结论：这项研究显示了公私组合在为巴西多动症儿童提供和获得适当的评估和治疗服务方面的影响。