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On Ray Shooting for Triangles in 3-Space and Related Problems
arXiv - CS - Computational Geometry Pub Date : 2021-02-15 , DOI: arxiv-2102.07310
Esther Ezra, Micha Sharir

We consider several problems that involve lines in three dimensions, and present improved algorithms for solving them. The problems include (i) ray shooting amid triangles in $R^3$, (ii) reporting intersections between query lines (segments, or rays) and input triangles, as well as approximately counting the number of such intersections, (iii) computing the intersection of two nonconvex polyhedra, (iv) detecting, counting, or reporting intersections in a set of lines in $R^3$, and (v) output-sensitive construction of an arrangement of triangles in three dimensions. Our approach is based on the polynomial partitioning technique. For example, our ray-shooting algorithm processes a set of $n$ triangles in $R^3$ into a data structure for answering ray shooting queries amid the given triangles, which uses $O(n^{3/2+\varepsilon})$ storage and preprocessing, and answers a query in $O(n^{1/2+\varepsilon})$ time, for any $\varepsilon>0$. This is a significant improvement over known results, obtained more than 25 years ago, in which, with this amount of storage, the query time bound is roughly $n^{5/8}$. The algorithms for the other problems have similar performance bounds, with similar improvements over previous results. We also derive a nontrivial improved tradeoff between storage and query time. Using it, we obtain algorithms that answer $m$ queries on $n$ objects in \[ \max \left\{ O(m^{2/3}n^{5/6+\varepsilon} + n^{1+\varepsilon}),\; O(m^{5/6+\varepsilon}n^{2/3} + m^{1+\varepsilon}) \right\} \] time, for any $\varepsilon>0$, again an improvement over the earlier bounds.

中文翻译:

关于三空间中三角形的射线拍摄及相关问题

我们考虑了涉及三个维度的线的几个问题,并提出了解决它们的改进算法。问题包括(i)在$ R ^ 3 $中的三角形中进行射线拍摄,(ii)报告查询线(段或射线)与输入三角形之间的交点,以及近似计算此类交点的数量,(iii)计算两个非凸多面体的交点,(iv)检测,计数或报告$ R ^ 3 $的一组线中的交点,以及(v)三维排列三角形的输出敏感构造。我们的方法基于多项式划分技术。例如,我们的光线拍摄算法将$ R ^ 3 $中的一组$ n $三角形处理成一个数据结构,以回答给定三角形中的光线拍摄查询,它使用$ O(n ^ {3/2 + \ varepsilon})$存储和预处理,并以$ O(n ^ {1/2 + \ varepsilon})$的时间回答任何$ \ varepsilon> 0的查询$。这是对25年前获得的已知结果的重大改进,在已知结果中,使用这种存储量,查询时间范围大约为$ n ^ {5/8} $。用于其他问题的算法具有相似的性能范围,与以前的结果相比具有相似的改进。我们还得出了存储和查询时间之间非平凡的折衷方案。使用它,我们获得的算法可以对\ [\ max \ left \ {O(m ^ {2/3} n ^ {5/6 + \ varepsilon} + n ^ {1 + \ varepsilon}),\; O(m ^ {5/6 + \ varepsilon} n ^ {2/3} + m ^ {1+ \ varepsilon})\ right \} \]时间,对于任何$ \ varepsilon> 0 $,都比较早的界限。对于任何$ \ varepsilon> 0 $。这是对超过25年前获得的已知结果的重大改进,在已知结果中,使用这种存储量,查询时间范围大约为$ n ^ {5/8} $。用于其他问题的算法具有相似的性能范围,与以前的结果相比具有相似的改进。我们还得出了存储和查询时间之间非平凡的折衷方案。使用它,我们获得的算法可以对\ [\ max \ left \ {O(m ^ {2/3} n ^ {5/6 + \ varepsilon} + n ^ {1 + \ varepsilon}),\; O(m ^ {5/6 + \ varepsilon} n ^ {2/3} + m ^ {1+ \ varepsilon})\ right \} \]时间,对于任何$ \ varepsilon> 0 $,都比较早的界限。对于任何$ \ varepsilon> 0 $。这是对25年前获得的已知结果的重大改进,在已知结果中,使用这种存储量,查询时间范围大约为$ n ^ {5/8} $。用于其他问题的算法具有相似的性能范围,与以前的结果相比具有相似的改进。我们还得出了存储和查询时间之间非平凡的折衷方案。使用它,我们获得的算法可以对\ [\ max \ left \ {O(m ^ {2/3} n ^ {5/6 + \ varepsilon} + n ^ {1 + \ varepsilon}),\; O(m ^ {5/6 + \ varepsilon} n ^ {2/3} + m ^ {1+ \ varepsilon})\ right \} \]时间,对于任何$ \ varepsilon> 0 $,都比较早的界限。查询时间范围大约为$ n ^ {5/8} $。用于其他问题的算法具有相似的性能范围,与以前的结果相比具有相似的改进。我们还得出了存储和查询时间之间非平凡的折衷方案。使用它,我们获得的算法可以对\ [\ max \ left \ {O(m ^ {2/3} n ^ {5/6 + \ varepsilon} + n ^ {1 + \ varepsilon}),\; O(m ^ {5/6 + \ varepsilon} n ^ {2/3} + m ^ {1+ \ varepsilon})\ right \} \]时间,对于任何$ \ varepsilon> 0 $,都比较早的界限。查询时间范围大约为$ n ^ {5/8} $。用于其他问题的算法具有相似的性能范围,与以前的结果相比具有相似的改进。我们还得出了存储和查询时间之间非平凡的折衷方案。使用它,我们获得的算法可以对\ [\ max \ left \ {O(m ^ {2/3} n ^ {5/6 + \ varepsilon} + n ^ {1 + \ varepsilon}),\; O(m ^ {5/6 + \ varepsilon} n ^ {2/3} + m ^ {1+ \ varepsilon})\ right \} \]时间,对于任何$ \ varepsilon> 0 $,都比较早的界限。我们获得的算法可以对\ [\ max \ left \ {O(m ^ {2/3} n ^ {5/6 + \ varepsilon} + n ^ {1+ \ varepsilon} }),\; O(m ^ {5/6 + \ varepsilon} n ^ {2/3} + m ^ {1+ \ varepsilon})\ right \} \]时间,对于任何$ \ varepsilon> 0 $,都比较早的界限。我们获得的算法可以对\ [\ max \ left \ {O(m ^ {2/3} n ^ {5/6 + \ varepsilon} + n ^ {1+ \ varepsilon} }),\; O(m ^ {5/6 + \ varepsilon} n ^ {2/3} + m ^ {1+ \ varepsilon})\ right \} \]时间,对于任何$ \ varepsilon> 0 $,都比较早的界限。
更新日期:2021-02-16
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