We find a rich variety of counterintuitive features in the steady states of a qubit array coupled to a dissipative source and sink at two arbitrary sites, using a master equation approach. We show there are setups where increasing the pump and loss rates establishes long-range coherence. At sufficiently strong dissipation, the source or sink effectively generates correlation between its neighboring sites, leading to a striking density-wave order for a class of “resonant” geometries. This effect can be used more widely to engineer nonequilibrium phases. We show the steady states are generically distinct for hard-core bosons and free fermions, and differ significantly from the ones found before in special cases. They are explained by generally applicable ansatzes for the long-time dynamics at weak and strong dissipation. Our findings are relevant for existing photonic setups.

中文翻译：

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局部驱动的有损耗量子比特阵列的不平衡稳态

我们使用主方程方法，在耦合到耗散源和吸收在两个任意位置的量子比特阵列的稳态中，找到了许多与直觉相反的特征。我们显示了一些设置，在这些设置中，提高泵浦率和损耗率可建立长期相干性。在足够强的耗散下，源或汇有效地在其相邻位置之间产生关联，从而导致一类“共振”几何形状的密度波阶达到惊人的水平。此效应可以更广泛地用于工程非平衡相。我们显示稳态对于硬核玻色子和自由费米子通常是不同的，并且与以前在特殊情况下发现的状态大不相同。可以通过在弱和强耗散情况下长期动态使用的通用分析来解释它们。