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Whale-Watching Management: Assessment of Sustainable Governance in Uramba Bahía Málaga National Natural Park, Valle del Cauca
Frontiers in Marine Science ( IF 2.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-15 , DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2021.575866
Laura V. Soto-Cortés , Andrea Luna-Acosta , Diana Lucía Maya

As the growth of the whale-watching activity increases rapidly around the world, the challenge of responsible management and sustainability also rises. Without suitable management, operators may try to maximize their own profits by breaking the rules, which may negatively affect cetaceans. In this paper, the applicability of conditions for sustainability governance in humpback whale-watching was evaluated. To achieve this purpose, semi-structured interviews were conducted in Uramba Bahía Málaga National Natural Park, Colombia. Results of this study showed that humpback whale-watching is characterized by unevenness in connections with markets, income inequality and the distribution of operators across several villages and cities. The combination of which restricts cooperation between operators. Nevertheless, there are informal agreements among the operators, and some operators are motivated to form associations. Besides, environmental entities have been responsible of regulation in lack of community-based management. However, this still does not achieve effective enforcement of the rules. Stakeholders (communities and government authorities) must mediate trust and reciprocity among operators to improve the situation. It is important to involve all operators to fill gaps in the limited government monitoring capacity and absence of sanctions. This is relevant to continue monitoring the evolution of the whale-watching in this and other Marine Protected Areas, so that the sustainability of the activity is not affected in the future.



中文翻译:

赏鲸管理:瓦莱德尔考卡岛乌兰巴巴伊亚马拉加国家自然公园的可持续治理评估

随着全球观鲸活动的迅速增长,负责任的管理和可持续性的挑战也日益增加。如果没有适当的管理,经营者可能会试图通过违反规则来最大化自己的利润,这可能会对鲸类动物产生负面影响。在本文中,评估了可持续性治理条件在座头鲸观赏中的适用性。为了达到这个目的,在哥伦比亚的乌兰巴·巴伊亚·马拉加国家自然公园进行了半结构化访谈。这项研究的结果表明,座头鲸观赏的特点是与市场,收入不平等以及经营者在几个村庄和城市之间的分布不均。两者的结合限制了运营商之间的合作。尽管如此,运营商之间存在非正式协议,并且一些运营商被激励成立协会。此外,由于缺乏基于社区的管理,环境实体负责监管。但是,这仍然不能有效地执行规则。利益相关者(社区和政府机构)必须调解运营商之间的信任和互惠,以改善这种状况。必须让所有运营商填补政府有限的监控能力和缺乏制裁的空白。这对于继续监视该保护区和其他海洋保护区的观鲸活动十分重要,这样将来该活动的可持续性就不会受到影响。在缺乏基于社区的管理的情况下,环境实体负责监管。但是,这仍然不能有效地执行规则。利益相关者(社区和政府机构)必须调解运营商之间的信任和互惠,以改善这种状况。必须让所有运营商填补政府有限的监控能力和缺乏制裁的空白。这对于继续监视该保护区和其他海洋保护区的观鲸活动十分重要,这样将来该活动的可持续性就不会受到影响。在缺乏基于社区的管理的情况下,环境实体负责监管。但是,这仍然不能有效地执行规则。利益相关者(社区和政府机构)必须调解运营商之间的信任和互惠,以改善这种状况。必须让所有运营商填补政府有限的监控能力和缺乏制裁的空白。这对于继续监视该保护区和其他海洋保护区的观鲸活动十分重要,这样将来该活动的可持续性就不会受到影响。利益相关者(社区和政府机构)必须调解运营商之间的信任和互惠,以改善这种状况。必须让所有运营商填补政府有限的监控能力和缺乏制裁的空白。这对于继续监视该保护区和其他海洋保护区的观鲸活动十分重要,这样将来该活动的可持续性就不会受到影响。利益相关者(社区和政府机构)必须调解运营商之间的信任和互惠,以改善这种状况。必须让所有运营商填补政府有限的监控能力和缺乏制裁的空白。这对于继续监视该保护区和其他海洋保护区的观鲸活动十分重要,这样将来该活动的可持续性就不会受到影响。

更新日期:2021-02-16
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