This research demonstrates that two- versus one-sided counterattitudinal messages can encourage people with a strong moral basis for their attitudes to be more open to contrary positions. Studies 1A/B demonstrated that the interaction between moral basis and message sidedness was present not just for a controversial issue with balanced views in society but also for a topic with a majority opinion. In Study 2, the relative effectiveness of two- over one-sided messages for people with a moral attitude basis was shown to occur only when the two-sided message respectfully acknowledged the recipient’s side. In Study 3, the effect was replicated in a preregistered experiment. Furthermore, moral bases provided unique predictive power beyond alternative attitude strength indicators. Across all studies, perceived appreciation of the speaker acknowledging the recipient’s view mediated the impact of the independent variables on openness.

这项研究表明，双向与单向的反态度信息可以鼓励具有强烈道德基础的人对相反的立场更加开放。研究 1A/B 表明，道德基础和信息方面之间的相互作用不仅存在于社会中具有平衡观点的有争议问题，而且存在于具有多数意见的主题。在研究 2 中，对于具有道德态度基础的人来说，两面式信息的相对有效性被证明只有在双面信息恭敬地承认接受者的一面时才会发生。在研究 3 中，该效果在预先注册的实验中被复制。此外，道德基础提供了超越替代态度强度指标的独特预测能力。在所有研究中，