The present study seeks to both estimate and analyze the rate of heavy metal changes in soils of road margins affected by the traffic on Fasa‐Darab Road, Iran. Muller index, contamination factor (CF), Geoaccumulation index (I_geo), potential ecological risk index (PERI), and pollution load index (PLI) were calculated to determine the contamination rate. Principal component analysis was also employed to determine the most relevant parameters affecting the PERI. The maximum amount of heavy metal contamination (2.5 mg/kg) occurred at the nearest road distance, that is, 2 m. The results of the I_geo show that these elements are naturally present in the soil, albeit anthropogenic activity caused an increase in the concentration of these metals in soil. Results of the CF index showed that Ni, Cu, and Zn values were less than 1, indicative of low contamination, whereas Pb contamination, with values ranging from 3 to 6 was indicative of high pollution. The PLI results for the most polluted stations showed that stations 14 and 23 were classified as very high contamination and other stations as uncontaminated. The results of clustering data showed that the data were in two pollution classes. As maintained by the findings, the first component contributed to 44.98% of the changes and included the Cd, CF_Cd, RI, and I_geo(Cd) parameters, while the second component represented 27.83% of the changes, containing parameters Pb, I_geo(Pb), and CF_Pb. Therefore, Pb and Cd are the most relevant parameters in the analysis of PERI within the study area.

中文翻译：

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道路土壤中镍，铜，锌，镉和铅的潜在生态风险评估

本研究旨在评估和分析受伊朗法萨-达拉布路交通影响的路缘土壤中重金属的变化速率。计算穆勒指数，污染因子（CF），地质累积指数（I _geo），潜在生态风险指数（PERI）和污染负荷指数（PLI），以确定污染率。还使用主成分分析来确定影响PERI的最相关参数。重金属污染的最大量（2.5 mg / kg）出现在最近的道路距离（即2 m）处。I _geo的结果结果表明，这些元素自然存在于土壤中，尽管人为活动导致土壤中这些金属的浓度增加。CF指数的结果表明，Ni，Cu和Zn值小于1，表明污染低，而Pb污染（范围从3到6）表明高污染。污染最严重的站点的PLI结果显示，站点14和23被归类为极高污染，其他站点被归类为未受污染。聚类数据的结果表明，该数据分为两个污染类别。根据调查结果，第一部分贡献了44.98％的变化，其中包括Cd，CF _Cd，RI和I _geo（Cd）参数，而第二个组件代表更改的27.83％，其中包含参数Pb，I _geo（Pb）和CF _Pb。因此，Pb和Cd是研究区域内PERI分析中最相关的参数。