Piezoelectric polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and its copolymer based piezoelectric nanogenerators (PENGs) have attracted extensive attention, which can hopefully be applied in the fields of wearable electric devices and sensing systems. However, one great challenge that limits their large-scale application is to achieve PVDF based composites with high piezoelectric performance. Herein, a facile and efficient method is proposed to develop translucent, porous composites with high β phase content and abundant micropores. Enhanced β phase formation is attributed to the electrostatic bonding between fillers (ZnO nanoparticles and Ag nanowires) and -CH₂ and -CF₂ chains, yet, local conformational disorder at the ZnO-matrix interface region caused by strong interface effect results in local stabilization of β phase. Coupling of high β phase content and microporous structure is believed to be essential for achieving considerable piezoelectric outputs (7.1 μW/cm²) and excellent force sensitivity (1.155 V/kPa). In practical applications, the composites based PENGs can efficiently harvest mechanical energy from human motions and detect weak physiological signals. Furthermore, a 3 × 2 pixel tactile sensor array is integrated successfully to work as self-powered flexible coded lock without power supply. Our work offers a simple approach to high-performance piezoelectric composites and moves a step toward sensing application.

压电聚偏二氟乙烯（PVDF）及其基于共聚物的压电纳米发电机（PENG）引起了广泛关注，有望将其应用于可穿戴电子设备和传感系统领域。然而，限制其大规模应用的一大挑战是获得具有高压电性能的基于PVDF的复合材料。本文提出了一种简便有效的方法来开发具有高β相含量和丰富微孔的半透明多孔复合材料。增强的β相形成归因于填料（ZnO纳米颗粒和Ag纳米线）与-CH ₂和-CF ₂之间的静电键合然而，由强界面效应引起的ZnO-基质界面区域的局部构象紊乱导致β相的局部稳定。据信，高β相含量和微孔结构的耦合对于实现可观的压电输出（7.1μW/ cm ²）和出色的力敏感度（1.155 V / kPa）是必不可少的。在实际应用中，基于复合材料的PENG可以有效地从人体运动中获取机械能并检测微弱的生理信号。此外，成功集成了一个3×2像素的触觉传感器阵列，可以在没有电源的情况下用作自供电的柔性密码锁。我们的工作为高性能压电复合材料提供了一种简单的方法，并向传感应用迈进了一步。