We propose a novel relativistic method to explore the atomic structure of highly charged ions perturbed by a dense plasma. The calculations are performed within the general framework of the ion sphere theory and application of the generalized analytical $b$-potential combined with the multi-configuration Dirac-Fock approximation. In the method, the relativistic effects provided by the Dirac-Coulomb Hamiltonian, Breit interaction and two kinds of quantum electrodynamics corrections, self-energy and vacuum polarization, are accounted for systematically via perturbation theory. The level delocalizations, line shifts and radiative properties among the levels of the $2s{}^{x}2p{}^y$ (x+y=5) configurations of Ni XXII under the finite temperature dense plasma conditions are demonstrated for illustrative purposes. Such ions can exist in inertial confinement devices or in laser-produced plasmas. Systematic changes are determined for the properties under study in respect of increased temperature and electron density. The obtained atomic structure, line shift, and level delocalization are essential fundamental properties for advanced diagnostics, equation of state calculations, line identifications, and benchmark data for ionization balance calculations ect.

我们提出了一种新的相对论方法来探索被稠密等离子体扰动的高电荷离子的原子结构。计算是在离子球理论的一般框架内进行的，并且在广义分析的应用范围内进行了计算$b$-电势与多配置Dirac-Fock逼近相结合。在该方法中，通过摄动理论系统地解释了狄拉克-库仑汉密尔顿方程所提供的相对论效应，布雷特相互作用和两种量子电动力学校正，即自能和真空极化。能级之间的能级离域，线位移和辐射特性$\mathrm{2个}s{}^X\mathrm{2个}p{}^{ÿ}$为了说明的目的，证明了在有限温度密集的等离子体条件下Ni XXII的（x + y = 5）构型。这样的离子可以存在于惯性约束装置中或存在于激光产生的等离子体中。对于所研究的性质，就升高的温度和电子密度确定了系统的变化。获得的原子结构，线位移和能级离域是高级诊断，状态方程计算，线标识和电离平衡计算等基准数据必不可少的基本属性。