In agriculture production system, soil enzymes are important indicators of soil quality. Measurements of soil quality parameter changes are essential for assessing the impact of soil and crop management practices. Keeping this in view, an experiment was conducted to evaluate the enzyme activities namely dehydrogenase (DHA), β-glucosidase, acid and alkaline phosphatase (AcP & AlP), fluorescein diacetate hydrolases (FDH), cellulase, urease and aryl sulphatase in rhizosphere and bulk soil after 8 years of different management regimes. Soil organic carbon (SOC), moisture content and few enzyme indices such as enzymatic pH indicator (AcP/AlP), alteration index three (Al3) and geometric mean (GMea) were also measured. The treatments were conventional rice-wheat system (termed as scenario (Sc1), CT system), partial conservation agriculture (CA)-based rice-wheat-mungbean system (Sc2, PCA-RW), partial climate smart agriculture (CSA)-based rice-wheat-mungbean system (Sc3), partial CSA-based maize-wheat-mungbean system (Sc4), full CSA-based rice-wheat-mungbean system (Sc5), and full CSA-based maize-wheat-mungbean system (Sc6). Soil samples were collected from rhizosphere and away from roots (bulk soil) at 0–15 cm soil depth before sowing (from rhizosphere of previous crops), at maximum tillering, flowering, and after harvesting of wheat crop. Results showed that DHA activity was higher before sowing (59.8%), at maximum tillering (48.4%), flowering (8.6%) and after harvesting (19.1%) in rice based CSA systems (mean of Sc3 and Sc5) over maize based CSA systems (mean of Sc4 and Sc6) in rhizospheric soil. On average, β-glucosidase activity was significantly higher in rhizospheric soils of rice based system over maize based CSA system. Before sowing of wheat, significantly higher (21.4%) acid phosphatase activity was observed in rhizosphere over bulk soils of maize based CSA system. Significantly higher alkaline phosphatase activity was observed before sowing of wheat in bulk soils of rice (25.3%) and maize (38.5%) based CSA systems over rhizospheric soils. Rice based CSA systems showed 27% higher FDH activity than maize based systems. Significant interaction effect was observed between the managements and enzymes. SOC played an important role in regulating the enzymes activity both in rhizosphere and bulk soil. Significant variation in AcP/AlP, Al3 and GMea was observed among the managements. Therefore, CSA managements are beneficial in improving enzyme activities not only in rhizosphere but also in bulk soil where residues are retained thereby may help in improving nutrient cycling.

在农业生产系统中，土壤酶是土壤质量的重要指标。土壤质量参数变化的测量对于评估土壤和作物管理实践的影响至关重要。鉴于此，我们进行了一项实验来评估根际土壤中的酶活性，即脱氢酶（DHA），β-葡萄糖苷酶，酸和碱性磷酸酶（AcP和AlP），荧光素二乙酸酯水解酶（FDH），纤维素酶，脲酶和芳基硫酸酯酶。经过8年的不同管理制度后的散装土壤。土壤有机碳（SOC），水分含量和少量酶指标，例如酶促pH指标（AcP / AlP），蚀变指数3（Al3）和几何平均值（GMea））也进行了测量。处理方法为常规水稻-小麦系统（称为情景（Sc1），CT系统），基于部分保护性农业（CA）的水稻-小麦-绿豆系统（Sc2，PCA-RW），部分气候智能农业（CSA）-基于CSA的水稻-小麦-绿豆系统（Sc3），基于CSA的部分玉米-小麦-绿豆系统（Sc5），基于CSA的完全稻米-小麦-绿豆系统（Sc5）和基于CSA的完全基于玉米-小麦-绿豆系统（Sc6）。在播种之前（从先前作物的根际），最大分till，开花和收获小麦作物之后，从根际和土壤根部（大块土壤）采集0至15厘米土壤样品。结果表明，DHA活性在播种前（59.8％），最大分（（48.4％），开花（8.6％）和收获后（19。在根际土壤中，基于稻米的CSA系统（Sc3和Sc5的平均值）比基于玉米的CSA系统（Sc4和Sc6的平均值）高1％。平均而言，水稻基系统的根际土壤中的β-葡萄糖苷酶活性明显高于玉米基CSA系统。在小麦播种前，根际土壤中基于玉米的CSA系统的土壤中酸性磷酸酶活性显着提高（21.4％）。在根际土壤上，在大米（25.3％）和玉米（38.5％）的CSA系统中，在小麦播种前观察到碱性磷酸酶活性显着提高。基于水稻的CSA系统显示的FDH活性比基于玉米的系统高27％。在管理和酶之间观察到显着的相互作用作用。SOC在调节根际土壤和大块土壤中的酶活性中起着重要作用。在管理人员之间观察到AcP / AlP，Al3和GMea。因此，CSA管理不仅有利于改善根际中的酶活性，而且有益于保留残留物的散装土壤，从而有助于改善养分循环。