The environment, directly and indirectly, affects many mosquito traits in both the larval and adult stages. The availability of food resources is one of the key factors influencing these traits, although its role in mosquito fitness and pathogen transmission remains unclear. Larvae nutritional status determines their survivorship and growth, having also an impact on adult characteristics like longevity, body size, flight capacity or vector competence. During the adult stage, mosquito diet affects their survival rate, fecundity and host-seeking behaviour. It also affects mosquito susceptibility to infection, which may determine the vectorial capacity of mosquito populations. The aim of this review is to critically revise the current knowledge on the effects that both larval and adult quantity and quality of the diet have on mosquito life history traits, identifying the critical knowledge gaps and proposing future research lines. The quantity and quality of food available through their lifetime greatly determine adult body size, longevity or biting frequency, therefore affecting their competence for pathogen transmission. In addition, natural sugar sources for adult mosquitoes, i.e., specific plants providing high metabolic energy, might affect their host-seeking and vertebrate biting behaviour. However, most of the studies are carried out under laboratory conditions, highlighting the need for studies of feeding behaviour of mosquitoes under field conditions. This kind of studies will increase our knowledge of the impact of diets on pathogen transmission, helping to develop successful control plans for vector-borne diseases.

环境直接或间接地影响幼虫期和成虫期的许多蚊子特征。粮食资源的可获得性是影响这些性状的关键因素之一，尽管其在蚊子适应性和病原体传播中的作用尚不清楚。幼虫的营养状况决定了它们的生存和成长，也影响着成年特征，如寿命，体型，飞行能力或媒介能力。在成年阶段，蚊子的饮食会影响它们的存活率，繁殖力和寻求宿主的行为。它也影响蚊子对感染的敏感性，这可能决定蚊子种群的媒介能力。这篇综述的目的是批判性地修改关于幼虫和成年饮食的数量和质量对蚊子生活史特征的影响的现有知识，确定关键的知识差距并提出未来的研究方向。一生中可获得的食物的数量和质量在很大程度上决定了成年人的体形，寿命或咬人的频率，因此影响了它们传播病原体的能力。此外，成年蚊子的天然糖源，即提供高代谢能量的特定植物，可能会影响其寻求宿主和脊椎动物的咬咬行为。但是，大多数研究是在实验室条件下进行的，这突出表明需要研究野外条件下蚊子的摄食行为。