The utilization of smart textiles, mainly in the form of yarns and wovens, requires high structural toughness and flexibility. To this end, we introduce a strategy based on the intermolecular self-assembly of dopamine-conjugated carboxymethyl cellulose (DA-CMC) with carbon nanotubes (CNT). Upon coagulation in a nonsolvent, the DA-CMC/CNT suspensions readily form composite filaments by the effects of hydrogen bonding, H-pi, anion-pi, and pi-pi interactions, as demonstrated by molecular dynamic simulation. The DA-CMC/CNT filaments display super-toughness (~76.2 MJ m⁻³), extensibility (strain to failure of ~14.8% at 90% RH, twice that of dopamine-free analogous systems) and high electrical conductivity. Moreover, the composite filaments form conductive networks that effectively support bending, strain and compression in air or fluid media. As such, they are suitable for application in wearables devices designed for sensing and electrothermal heating. Our proposed, scalable synthesis of multifunctional filaments opens new opportunities given their electroactivity and suitability for human interfacing.

使用主要是纱线和机织形式的智能纺织品需要很高的结构韧性和柔韧性。为此，我们介绍了一种基于多巴胺共轭羧甲基纤维素（DA-CMC）与碳纳米管（CNT）的分子间自组装的策略。在非溶剂中凝结后，DA-CMC / CNT悬浮液很容易通过氢键，H-pi，阴离子-pi和pi-pi相互作用的作用而形成复合长丝，如分子动力学模拟所示。DA-CMC / CNT细丝显示出超强韧性（〜76.2 MJ m ^-3），可扩展性（在90％RH时，失效应变为〜14.8％，是不含多巴胺的类似体系的两倍）和高电导率。此外，复合长丝形成导电网络，可有效支持空气或流体介质中的弯曲，应变和压缩。因此，它们适用于设计用于感应和电热加热的可穿戴设备。考虑到它们的电活性和对人机接口的适用性，我们提出的可扩展的多功能长丝合成技术开辟了新的机遇。