We studied the mechanism causing the fluttering-heart illusion in which the motion of an inner figure appears unsynchronized compared with that of the outer figure surrounding it although the motion of both figures is objectively synchronized in reality. Experiment 1 examined the effect of edges’ luminance contrasts. The illusion was measured under conditions where the luminance contrasts of the outer and inner figures’ edges were varied. The results indicated that the illusion occurred when the outer figure’s edge had a high luminance contrast and the inner figure’s edge had a low luminance contrast and that the illusion was reversed when the outer figure’s edge had a low luminance contrast and the inner figure’s edge had a high luminance contrast. Experiment 2 examined the effect of the first- and second-order edges. The illusion was measured under conditions where the first- and second-order edges coexisted or only the first-order edges existed. The results indicated that the illusion occurred when the outer figure had the first-order edge and the inner figure had the second-order edge, and that the illusion was reversed when the outer figure had the second-order edge and the inner figure had the first-order edge. These findings supported the hypothesis that the different latencies of edge detection cause the fluttering-heart illusion.

我们研究了引起扑朔迷离的错觉的机制，在这种机制中，内部人物的运动与周围人物的运动相比似乎是不同步的，尽管实际上两个人物的运动都是客观同步的。实验1检验了边缘亮度对比度的影响。在改变外部和内部图形边缘的亮度对比度的条件下测量错觉。结果表明，当外部人物的边缘具有高亮度对比度而内部人物的边缘具有低亮度对比度时，就会发生错觉；并且当外部人物的边缘具有低的亮度对比度而内部人物的边缘具有高亮度对比度时，错觉就会反转。高亮度对比度。实验2检验了一阶和二阶边缘的影响。在一级和二级边缘共存或仅存在一级边缘的条件下测量错觉。结果表明，当外部图形具有一阶边缘而内部图形具有二阶边缘时，就会发生错觉；而当外部图形具有二阶边缘而内部图形具有时空错觉，则错觉会反转。一阶边缘。这些发现支持以下假设：边缘检测的不同延迟会导致心脏跳动。当外部图形具有二阶边缘而内部图形具有一阶边缘时，这种错觉被颠倒了。这些发现支持以下假设：边缘检测的不同延迟会导致心脏跳动。当外部图形具有二阶边缘而内部图形具有一阶边缘时，这种错觉被颠倒了。这些发现支持以下假设：边缘检测的不同延迟会导致心脏跳动。