Microencapsulated ammonium polyphosphate (SiAPP) was prepared by sol-gel method with gel-silica as the shell material. And also, SiAPP was characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), which confirmed the successfully fabrication of SiAPP. Furthermore, 30 php (parts per hundreds of polyol) SiAPP was introduced to prepare rigid polyurethane foam/microcapsulated ammonium polyphosphate composites (RPUF/SiAPP30). Flame retardancy, water resistance, physical properties and thermal stability of RPUF/SiAPP composites were compared with virgin RPUF and RPUF/APP composites. The results showed that RPUF/SiAPP30 which possessed excellent flame retardancy. Even after being immersed in water for 15 days, the underwriters laboratories vertical burning test (UL-94) of RPUF/SiAPP30 could pass V-1 rating with the limiting oxygen index (LOI) of 21.8 vol%, which was better that of RPUF/APP30. Compressive strength of RPUF/SiAPP30 was 0.292 MPa, which was 12.3% higher that of RPUF/APP30. SEM and Raman spectra confirmed that RPUF/SiAPP30 possessed more compact char residue with higher thermal resistance, which could inhibit mass and heat transmission in combustion. Consequently, a possible gas-solid flame-retardant mechanism of RPUF/SiAPP composite was proposed.

采用溶胶-凝胶法，以硅胶为壳材料，制备了微囊化多磷酸铵（SiAPP）。此外，SiAPP还通过X射线光电子能谱（XPS），傅立叶变换红外光谱（FTIR），热重分析（TGA）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）进行了表征，从而证实了SiAPP的成功制备。此外，引入了30 php（每百份多元醇的份数）SiAPP，以制备硬质聚氨酯泡沫/微囊化聚磷酸铵复合材料（RPUF / SiAPP30）。将RPUF / SiAPP复合材料的阻燃性，耐水性，物理性能和热稳定性与原始的RPUF和RPUF / APP复合材料进行了比较。结果表明，RPUF / SiAPP30具有优良的阻燃性。即使浸入水中15天，RPUF / SiAPP30的保险商实验室垂直燃烧测试（UL-94）可以通过V-1等级，极限氧指数（LOI）为21.8 vol％，比RPUF / APP30更好。RPUF / SiAPP30的抗压强度为0.292 MPa，比RPUF / APPAPP30的抗压强度高12.3％。SEM和拉曼光谱证实，RPUF / SiAPP30具有更紧密的炭渣和更高的耐热性，这可以抑制燃烧过程中的质量和热传递。因此，提出了一种可能的RPUF / SiAPP复合材料气固阻燃机理。SEM和拉曼光谱证实，RPUF / SiAPP30具有更紧密的炭渣和更高的耐热性，这可以抑制燃烧过程中的质量和热传递。因此，提出了RPUF / SiAPP复合材料可能的气固阻燃机理。SEM和拉曼光谱证实，RPUF / SiAPP30具有更紧密的炭渣和更高的耐热性，这可以抑制燃烧过程中的质量和热传递。因此，提出了一种可能的RPUF / SiAPP复合材料气固阻燃机理。