Purpose The maritime industry is increasingly impacted by the Internet of things (IoT) through the automation of ships and port activities. This increased automation creates new security vulnerabilities for the maritime industry in cyberspace. Any obstruction in the global supply chain due to a cyberattack can cause catastrophic problems in the global economy. This paper aims to review automatic identification systems (AISs) aboard ships for cyber issues and weaknesses. Design/methodology/approach The authors do so by comparing the results of two receiver systems of the AIS in the Port of Houston; the JAMSS system aboard the Space Station and the “Harborlights” system for traffic control in the Port. Findings The authors find that inconsistent information is presented on the location of same ships at the same time in the Port. Upon further investigation with pilots, the authors find that these inconsistencies may be the result of the strength of power with which an AIS is transmitted. It appears the power may be reduced to the AIS in port but that it varies within port and varies by pilot operators. This practice may open the AIS system for tampering. Originality/value Further, this inconsistency may require further policy regulation to properly address cyber information in a port.

中文翻译：

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船上网络攻击：邪恶的问题方法

目的通过船舶和港口活动的自动化，物联网（IoT）对海运业的影响越来越大。自动化程度的提高为网络空间的航海业创造了新的安全漏洞。由于网络攻击，全球供应链中的任何障碍都可能在全球经济中造成灾难性问题。本文旨在审查船上自动识别系统（AIS）的网络问题和弱点。设计/方法/方法作者是通过比较休斯顿港口AIS的两个接收器系统的结果来完成的。空间站上的JAMSS系统和港口的交通管制“ Harborlights”系统。结论作者发现，同一时间在同一港口的船只位置信息不一致。通过对飞行员的进一步调查，作者发现这些不一致之处可能是AIS传输功率强度的结果。看来端口的AIS功率可能降低了，但是端口内的功率却有所不同，飞行员也有所不同。这种做法可能会打开AIS系统进行篡改。独创性/价值此外，这种不一致可能需要进一步的政策法规来正确处理端口中的网络信息。