The prevalence of illumination equipment and the inherent advantages of the Visible Light Communication (VLC) technique have resulted in a growing interest in Visible Light Positioning (VLP). There exist many excellent VLP techniques over the past several years. However, one limitation of most VLP survey works is that they mainly focus on the analysis from the perspective of techniques but ignore the equally important hardware aspect, since the hardware part directly affects the performance and cost of VLP systems and also determines whether it can be put into practical use. Different from most surveys concentrating on a single perspective, we provide an intensive overview of VLP systems from software algorithms to hardware devices. A novel-innovative classification method is used in the software algorithms, while the hardware aspect is introduced in terms of transmitters, modems, and receivers, making up for the deficiencies of the previous works. Massive papers including pioneering papers and the state-of-the-art ones in related areas are gathered and categorized. These solutions have also been evaluated in terms of accuracy, cost, range, and complexity. Furthermore, current open issues and tendencies regarding VLP are also illustrated in this paper.

中文翻译：

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从软件算法到硬件的可见光定位研究

照明设备的普及以及可见光通信（VLC）技术的固有优势，导致人们对可见光定位（VLP）的兴趣与日俱增。在过去的几年中，存在许多出色的VLP技术。但是，大多数VLP调查工作的局限性在于，它们主要侧重于从技术角度进行分析，却忽略了同等重要的硬件方面，因为硬件部分直接影响VLP系统的性能和成本，并且还决定了是否可以投入实际使用。与大多数只关注单一观点的调查不同，我们提供了从软件算法到硬件设备的VLP系统的详尽概述。软件算法中使用了一种新颖的分类方法，虽然从发射机，调制解调器和接收机的角度介绍了硬件方面，但弥补了先前工作的不足。搜集并归类了大量论文，包括开拓性论文和相关领域的最新技术。这些解决方案还经过了准确性，成本，范围和复杂性方面的评估。此外，本文还说明了有关VLP的当前开放问题和趋势。