The measurements of acoustic waves created by a quake are of great interest for planets with hot and dense atmospheres, like Venus, because surface deployments of seismometers will last only a few hours, whereas freeflying balloons could fly many days. Infrasound sensors can also be used to constrain subsurface properties during active seismic experiments. This study presents a controlled source seismo-acoustic experiment using infrasonic sensors and accelerometers mounted on a tethered helium balloon. Both the acoustic waves generated below the balloon by seismic surface waves, and the ones generated by strong ground motions above the seismic source are clearly observed and separated on the records of the various instruments. This data set allows various validations and investigations. First, it validates the ground to air coupling theory and our numerical modelling tools. Then, it allows us to demonstrate that antenna processing of infrasound sensors deployed below the balloon can estimate the arrival incidence angle of the acoustic waves within 10°. Finally, a polarization analysis of the accelerometers taped on the balloon envelope is presented. It demonstrates that accelerometer records are strongly dependent on their location on the balloon due to its deformations and rotations. However, the different acoustic signals can be distinguished through their polarization, and a best sensor location is estimated at the bottom of the balloon envelope. These results are a first step towards detecting and locating seismic activity using airborne acoustic sensors on Venus and elsewhere. However, some observations of earthquake signals in a more realistic geometry are still missing.

中文翻译：

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使用系留气球的有源震源声学实验，以验证用于大气地震学的仪器概念和建模工具

地震产生的声波的测量对于像维纳斯这样的具有高温和高密度大气层的行星非常重要，因为地震仪的表面部署将仅持续数小时，而自由飞行的气球可能会飞行许多天。次声传感器还可以用于在主动地震实验过程中约束地下属性。这项研究提出了使用安装在束缚氦气球上的次声传感器和加速度计进行的受控震源声学实验。在各种仪器的记录中，清楚地观察到并分离了由地震表面波在气球下方产生的声波，以及由地震源上方的强烈地面运动产生的声波。该数据集允许进行各种验证和调查。第一的，它验证了地空耦合理论和我们的数值建模工具。然后，它使我们能够证明部署在气球下方的次声传感器的天线处理可以估计声波的到达入射角在10°以内。最后，介绍了绑在气球外壳上的加速度计的极化分析。它表明，加速度计记录由于其变形和旋转而强烈依赖于它们在球囊上的位置。但是，可以通过极化区分不同的声音信号，并在气囊外壳的底部估计出最佳的传感器位置。这些结果是使用金星及其他地方的机载声学传感器检测和定位地震活动的第一步。然而，