Very little is known about the manufacturing and use of ancient Egyptian instruments, and their discovery is very rare. An extensive radiocarbon (14C) dating program has been conducted on 25 ancient Egyptian musical instruments currently held at the Louvre Museum (musée du Louvre) and the Lyon Museum of Fine Arts (musée des Beaux-Arts de Lyon). This study includes cordophones (harps, lyres, lutes), membranophones (drums, tambourines), idiophones (clappers, crotales), as well as wind instruments (oboe) that have entered the museum collections during the 19th century or the first half of the 20th century; consequently, the original archaeological contexts of their discoveries are poorly understood. Approximately 50 14C dates enable drawing a general overview of the instruments manufacturing. A wide variety of wood material has been identified, representing both indigenous species and imported species. Results indicate that the native flora of Egypt was exclusively used until the Third Intermediate Period when the first imports could be identified. 14C results are not always consistent with relative dates previously thought, mainly based on stylistic criteria. They demonstrate these collections hold very well-preserved objects extending over 2500 years, from the Second Intermediate Period (ca. 1700 BCE) to the start of the Islamic Period (8th century CE). This project provides important results for the knowledge of ancient Egyptian musical instrument crafts.

中文翻译：

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对在卢浮宫和里昂美术博物馆举行的古埃及乐器的新计时洞察

关于古埃及仪器的制造和使用知之甚少，它们的发现也非常罕见。广泛的放射性碳（14C) 对目前在卢浮宫博物馆收藏的 25 种古埃及乐器进行了约会计划（卢浮宫博物馆) 和里昂美术馆 (里昂美术博物馆）。这项研究包括在 19 世纪或上半叶进入博物馆收藏的线管乐器（竖琴、七弦琴、琵琶）、膜风琴（鼓、手鼓）、惯用乐器（拍板、crotales）以及管乐器（双簧管）。 20世纪; 因此，人们对他们发现的原始考古背景知之甚少。大约 5014C 日期可以绘制仪器制造的总体概览。已经确定了种类繁多的木材，代表本地物种和进口物种。结果表明，埃及的本土植物群一直被专门使用，直到可以确定第一个进口的第三中间时期。14C 结果并不总是与以前认为的相对日期一致，主要基于风格标准。他们展示了这些藏品保存完好的物品，从第二中间时期（约公元前 1700 年）到伊斯兰时期开始（公元 8 世纪），已延续了 2500 多年。该项目为古埃及乐器工艺的认识提供了重要成果。