Herein, we present a synthetic study combining iron (Fe) speciation and biomarkers in sediment samples from Luguhu Lake to investigate their relationship and the environmental significance thereof. Mössbauer spectroscopy and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry were used for these measurements. The results suggest that (a) there is a strong negative correlation between Fe2+/Fe3+ and the ratio of pristane to phytane (Pr/Ph), indicating that both Fe2+/Fe3+ and Pr/Ph effectively present the inorganic and organic aspects, respectively, of the oxidation–deoxidation environment in Luguhu Lake; (b) palaeotemperature may be a factor, in addition to the redox conditions, that affects the Fe2+/Fe3+ ratio, and it might play a favourable role in studies of palaeotemperature; and (c) the relative abundance of Fe in Luguhu Lake is affected by the palaeoclimate and the environment in which the palaeosediment was deposited. The mechanism of change in the total area (the total absorption area of Mössbauer spectrum) with the palaeoenvironment seems to be explained by the loss of Fe, which occurs as the water drains out of the lake, and the increase in Fe loss from the sediment as rainfall levels increase.

中文翻译：

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高原沉降湖生物标志物与铁形态的关系及其环境意义——以青藏高原东南部泸沽湖为例

在此，我们提出了一项综合研究，结合泸沽湖沉积物样品中的铁 (Fe) 形态和生物标志物，研究它们的关系及其环境意义。穆斯堡尔光谱法和气相色谱-质谱法用于这些测量。结果表明 (a) Fe 之间存在很强的负相关2+/铁3+以及鲸鲨烷与植烷的比例 (Pr/Ph)，表明 Fe2+/铁3+和 Pr/Ph 分别有效地呈现了泸沽湖氧化-脱氧环境的无机和有机方面；(b) 除了氧化还原条件外，古温度可能是影响 Fe 的一个因素2+/铁3+比值，可能在古温度研究中起到有利的作用；(c) 泸沽湖铁的相对丰度受古气候和古沉积物沉积环境的影响。总面积（穆斯堡尔光谱的总吸收面积）随古环境变化的机制似乎可以通过湖水排出时发生的铁损失和沉积物中铁损失的增加来解释随着降雨量的增加。