The current natural gas and oil boom in North America requires new pipelines, which pose environmental risks from wellheads to their destinations. The environmental justice literature suggests that ethno-racial minorities, populations with low socioeconomic status, and rural communities are disproportionally exposed to risks associated with potentially harmful land uses. Using data from the American Community Survey's 2015 five-year estimates and data on the route of proposed pipelines compiled by The FracTracker Alliance, this study tests whether the above assumptions are true for proposed FERC-permitted natural gas transmission pipelines in the United States for which planned routes have been made available. The results of logistic regression models provide only limited, and in some cases contradictory, support for these hypotheses. Although an increased share of highly educated residents significantly decreases the likelihood of a pipeline proposal in a census tract, a higher poverty rate also significantly lowers this probability. Likewise, the share of Black and Hispanic residents is significantly and negatively associated with pipeline proposals. However, reliable routing data are needed to test whether this holds true for built pipelines, but these data are considered confidential and thus inaccessible in the United States.

中文翻译：

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拟议的管道和环境正义：探索美国种族、社会经济地位和管道提案之间的关联*

北美当前的天然气和石油繁荣需要新的管道，这对从井口到目的地的环境构成风险。环境正义文献表明，少数族裔、社会经济地位低的人口和农村社区不成比例地暴露于与潜在有害土地利用相关的风险中。使用美国社区调查的 2015 年五年估计数据和 FracTracker 联盟编制的拟议管道路线数据，本研究测试上述假设是否适用于美国 FERC 许可的拟议天然气输送管道，其中计划的路线已经可用。逻辑回归模型的结果只为这些假设提供了有限的、在某些情况下相互矛盾的支持。尽管受过高等教育的居民比例增加会显着降低人口普查区管道提案的可能性，但较高的贫困率也会显着降低这种可能性。同样，黑人和西班牙裔居民的比例与管道提案显着负相关。然而，需要可靠的路由数据来测试这是否适用于已建成的管道，但这些数据被认为是机密的，因此在美国无法访问。