Easy-to-read guidelines recommend visual support and lexical simplification to facilitate text processing, but few empirical studies confirm a positive effect from these recommendations in individuals with dyslexia. This study examined the influence of the visual support and lexical simplification on sentence processing through eye movements at both the text- and word-level, and the differences between readers with and without dyslexia. Furthermore, we explored the influence of reading experience and vocabulary, as control variables. We tested 20 young adults with dyslexia and 20 chronological age-matched controls. Participants read 60 sentences in total. Half the sentences contained an image and the other half did not, and half contained a low-frequency word and half a high-frequency word. Results showed that visual support and lexical simplification facilitated sentence processing, potentially by jointly facilitating lexical semantic access. We also found that participants with lower print exposure and lower vocabulary benefited more from word-level lexical simplification. We conclude that both adaptations could benefit readers with low print exposure and smaller vocabularies, and therefore, to many dyslexic readers who show these characteristics.

易于阅读的指南建议使用视觉支持和简化词汇以促进文本处理，但是很少有经验研究证实这些建议对阅读障碍的患者有积极作用。这项研究检查了视觉支持和词汇简化对文本和单词层面的眼动动作对句子处理的影响，以及有和没有阅读障碍的读者之间的差异。此外，我们探讨了阅读经验和词汇作为控制变量的影响。我们测试了20位患有阅读障碍的年轻人和20位年龄相匹配的对照。参加者共阅读了60句话。句子的一半包含图像，另一半则不包含图像，另一半包含一个低频单词，另一半包含一个高频单词。结果表明，视觉支持和词汇简化可以通过共同促进词汇语义访问来促进句子处理。我们还发现，具有较低印刷品暴露和较低词汇量的参与者从单词级词汇简化中受益更多。我们得出的结论是，两种改编都可以使低印刷暴露和较小词汇量的读者受益，因此，对于那些表现出这些特征的阅读障碍的读者来说，这是非常有益的。