Abstract

Researchers have examined differences on ImPACT^® in baseline symptom reporting and neurocognitive performances based on the language of administration and racial/ethnic identity. This is the first study to examine differences between student-athletes tested in Mandarin versus English on ImPACT^® during preseason baseline assessments conducted in high schools in the United States. Participants included 252 adolescent student-athletes who completed ImPACT^® testing in the state of Maine in Mandarin and 252 participants who completed testing in English, matched on age, gender, and health and academic history. Participants were compared on neurocognitive composite scores and symptom ratings. Boys tested in Mandarin, but not girls, had modestly better neurocognitive performance on one of four composite scores (i.e., Visual Motor Speed, p < .001, d = .45). Although language groups did not differ in total symptom severity, boys tested in Mandarin endorsed multiple physical symptoms at higher rates than boys tested in English. These results suggest that the current ImPACT^® neurocognitive normative data are reasonably appropriate for use with adolescents evaluated in Mandarin. There were some differences in the reporting of physical symptoms, with greater rates of symptom endorsement by boys tested in Mandarin than boys tested in English; but overall symptom severity ratings were comparable between the language groups.

摘要

研究人员根据管理语言和种族/民族身份检查了 ImPACT ^{®在基线症状报告和神经认知表现方面的差异。}这是第一项研究在美国高中进行的季前基线评估期间，学生运动员在 ImPACT ^{®上进行的普通话和英语测试之间的差异。参与者包括 252 名完成 ImPACT ®}的青少年学生运动员在缅因州进行的普通话测试和 252 名完成英语测试的参与者的年龄、性别、健康和学术历史相匹配。参与者的神经认知综合评分和症状评分进行了比较。用普通话测试的男孩，而不是女孩，在四个综合得分之一（即视觉运动速度， p < .001，d = .45）中的神经认知表现稍好。尽管语言组在总体症状严重程度方面没有差异，但用普通话测试的男孩比用英语测试的男孩认可多种身体症状的比率更高。这些结果表明，当前的 ImPACT ^®神经认知规范数据合理地适用于用普通话评估的青少年。身体症状的报告存在一些差异，用普通话测试的男孩比用英语测试的男孩对症状的认可率更高；但语言组之间的总体症状严重程度评分具有可比性。