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Experimental admixture among geographically disjunct populations of an invasive plant yields a global mosaic of reproductive incompatibility and heterosis
Journal of Ecology ( IF 5.3 ) Pub Date : 2021-02-14 , DOI: 10.1111/1365-2745.13628 Ramona E. Irimia 1, 2 , José L. Hierro 3, 4 , Soraia Branco 1 , Gastón Sotes 5, 6 , Lohengrin A. Cavieres 6, 7 , Özkan Eren 8 , Christopher J. Lortie 9 , Kristine French 10 , Ragan M. Callaway 11 , Daniel Montesinos 1, 12
中文翻译：
在入侵植物的地理上分散的种群之间进行实验性混合，产生了繁殖不相容和杂种优势的全球格局
更新日期：2021-02-14
Journal of Ecology ( IF 5.3 ) Pub Date : 2021-02-14 , DOI: 10.1111/1365-2745.13628 Ramona E. Irimia 1, 2 , José L. Hierro 3, 4 , Soraia Branco 1 , Gastón Sotes 5, 6 , Lohengrin A. Cavieres 6, 7 , Özkan Eren 8 , Christopher J. Lortie 9 , Kristine French 10 , Ragan M. Callaway 11 , Daniel Montesinos 1, 12
Affiliation
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- Invasive species have the ability to rapidly adapt in the new regions where they are introduced. Classic evolutionary theory predicts that the accumulation of genetic differences over time in allopatric isolation may lead to reproductive incompatibilities resulting in decreases in reproductive success and, eventually, to speciation. However, experimental evidence for this theoretical prediction in the context of invasive species is lacking. We aimed to test for the potential of allopatry to determine reproductive success of invasive plants, by experimentally admixing genotypes from six different native and non‐native regions of Centaurea solstitialis, an invasive forb for which preliminary studies have detected some degree of reproductive isolation between one native and non‐native region.
- We grew plants under common garden conditions and outcrossed individuals originating from different source populations in the native and introduced range to evaluate reproductive success in terms of seed to ovule ratio produced. We also assessed geographical and genetic isolation among C. solstitialis regions as a potential driving factor of reproductive success.
- Experimental admixture generated mixed fitness effects, including significant increases, decreases and no differences in reproductive success as compared to crosses within population (control). Centaurea solstitialis invasive populations in the Americas generated preponderantly negative fitness interactions, regardless of the pollen source, suggesting selection against immigrants and reinforcement. Other non‐native populations (Australia) as well as individuals from the native range of Spain demonstrated an increase in fitness for between‐region crosses, indicating inbreeding. These differences show an asymmetrical response to inter‐regional gene flow, but no evidence of isolation by distance.
- Synthesis. The speed of adaptation and the accumulation of reproductive incompatibilities among allopatric populations of invasive species might be more rapid than previously assumed. Our data show a global mosaic of reproductive outputs, showcasing an array of evolutionary processes unfolding during colonization at large biogeographical scales.
中文翻译：
在入侵植物的地理上分散的种群之间进行实验性混合，产生了繁殖不相容和杂种优势的全球格局
- 外来入侵物种具有迅速适应引进它们的新区域的能力。经典的进化理论预测，同种异体隔离中随着时间的推移遗传差异的累积可能导致生殖不相容，从而导致生殖成功率下降，并最终导致物种形成。但是，缺乏在入侵物种背景下进行这一理论预测的实验证据。我们旨在通过实验混合来自矢车菊（Centaurea solstitialis）的六个不同天然和非天然区域的基因型来测试同种异体潜力，以确定入侵植物的繁殖成功，这是一种侵袭性的植物，其初步研究已检测到其中一种在一定程度上进行了生殖隔离本地和非本地区域。
- 我们在常见的花园条件下种植植物，并从本地的不同来源种群中杂交出不同的个体，并引入范围以根据产生的种子与胚珠的比例评估繁殖成功率。我们还评估了C的地理和遗传隔离。孤独地区是生殖成功的潜在驱动因素。
- 与人群中的杂交（对照）相比，实验性混合物产生了混合的适应性效应，包括显着增加，降低以及繁殖成功率没有差异。不论花粉来源如何，美洲的矢车菊入侵种群主要产生负面的适应性相互作用，这表明他们选择抵抗移民和加固。其他非本地人口（澳大利亚）以及西班牙本地居民的个人对跨区域杂交的适应性提高，表明近交。这些差异显示了对区域间基因流的不对称响应，但是没有证据表明可以通过距离进行隔离。
- 综合。入侵物种的异相种群之间的适应速度和生殖不相容性的积累可能比以前设想的要快。我们的数据显示了全球生殖产出的镶嵌，显示了在大生物地理尺度上定殖期间展开的一系列进化过程。
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