The impact melt‐bearing breccias at the Ries impact structure, Germany, host degassing pipes: vertical structures that are inferred to represent conduits along which gases and fluids escaped to the surface, consistent with hydrothermal activity that occurs soon after an impact event. Although the presence of degassing pipes has been recognized within the well‐preserved and long‐studied ejecta deposits at the Ries, a detailed mineralogical study of their alteration mineralogy, as an avenue to elucidate their origins, has not been conducted to date. Through the application of high‐resolution in situ reflectance imaging spectroscopy and X‐ray diffraction, this study shows for the first time that the degassing pipe interiors and associated alteration are comprised of hydrated and hydroxylated silicates (i.e., Fe/Mg smectitic clay minerals with chloritic or other hydroxy‐interlayered material) as secondary hydrothermal mineral phases. This study spatially extends the known effects of impact hydrothermal activity into the ejecta deposits, beyond the crater rim. It has been suggested that the degassing pipes at the Ries are analogous to crater‐related pit clusters observed in impact melt‐bearing deposits on Mars, Ceres, and Vesta. The results of this work may inform on the presence of crustal volatiles and their interaction during the impact process on rocky bodies throughout the solar system. The Mars 2020 Perseverance rover may have the opportunity to investigate impact‐related features in situ; if so, this work suggests that such investigations may provide key information on the origin and formation of clay minerals on Mars as well as hold exciting implications for future Mars exploration.

中文翻译：

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里斯撞击结构的排气管起源以及对火星和其他行星体撞击诱发的变化的影响

位于德国Ries冲击结构上的冲击熔岩角砾岩承载着除气管：推断为代表气体和流体沿其逸出到地面的管道的垂直结构，与冲击事件发生后不久发生的热液活动一致。尽管在里斯岛保存完好且经过长期研究的喷射矿床中已经发现了脱气管的存在，但迄今为止，尚未进行关于其蚀变矿物学的详细矿物学研究，以此作为阐明其起源的途径。通过高分辨率原位反射光谱学和X射线衍射的应用，这项研究首次表明，脱气管内部及其相关变化是由水合和羟基化的硅酸盐（即 含氯或其他羟基中间层材料的铁/镁近晶黏土矿物作为次生热液矿物相。这项研究在空间上将撞击热液活动的已知影响扩展到了火山口边缘以外的喷射沉积物中。有人提出，里斯的排气管类似于火星，谷神星和维斯塔的冲击熔渣沉积物中观察到的与火山口相关的坑簇。这项工作的结果可能会说明地壳挥发物的存在及其在整个太阳系对岩石的撞击过程中的相互作用。火星2020恒心漫游者可能有机会就地调查与影响相关的特征；如果是这样，