The relationship between the extrinsic environment and the internal transcriptional network is circular. Naive T cells first engage with antigen‐presenting cells to set transcriptional differentiation networks in motion. In turn, this regulates specific chemokine receptors that direct migration into distinct lymph node niches. Movement into these regions brings newly activated T cells into contact with accessory cells and cytokines that reinforce the differentiation programming to specify T cell function. We and others have observed similarities in the transcriptional networks that specify both CD4+ T follicular helper (T_FH) cells and CD8+ central memory stem‐like (T_SCM) cells. Here, we compare and contrast the current knowledge for these shared differentiation programs, compared to their effector counterparts, CD4+ T‐helper 1 (T_H1) and CD8+ short‐lived effector (T_SLEC) cells. Understanding the interplay between cellular interactions and transcriptional programming is essential to harness T cell differentiation that is fit for purpose; to stimulate potent T cell effector function for the elimination of chronic infection and cancer; or to amplify the formation of humoral immunity and longevity of cellular memory to prevent infectious diseases.

中文翻译：

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重要的对话：驱动 T 细胞命运的细胞相互作用

外部环境和内部转录网络之间的关系是循环的。初始 T 细胞首先与抗原呈递细胞结合以启动转录分化网络。反过来，这调节特定的趋化因子受体，直接迁移到不同的淋巴结生态位。进入这些区域使新激活的 T 细胞与辅助细胞和细胞因子接触，这些辅助细胞和细胞因子加强了分化程序，以指定 T 细胞功能。我们和其他人已经观察到转录网络的相似性，这些网络指定了 CD4+ T 滤泡辅助 (T _FH ) 细胞和 CD8+ 中枢记忆干细胞样 (T _SCM） 细胞。在这里，我们比较和对比了这些共享分化程序的当前知识，与它们的效应对应物 CD4+ T-helper 1 (T _H1 ) 和 CD8+ 短寿命效应 (T _SLEC ) 细胞相比。了解细胞相互作用和转录编程之间的相互作用对于利用适合目的的 T 细胞分化至关重要；刺激有效的 T 细胞效应功能，以消除慢性感染和癌症；或增强体液免疫的形成和细胞记忆的长寿，以预防传染病。