The Polish sector of the last Scandinavian Ice Sheet is a key area for studying ice-sheet drainage and decay from its local Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) extent, as it is located at the terrestrial terminus of the large and dynamic Baltic Ice Stream Complex. Geomorphological mapping, based on a 0.4-m LiDAR digital elevation model, revealed about 940 streamlined bedforms, many of which are shown for the first time and consisting of mega-scale glacial lineations and drumlins. The lineation flowsets together with associated landforms were used to identify 17 ice streams, occupying 80% of the study area. We demonstrated that subtle topographic variations played an important role in influencing the ice-sheet dynamics. Variations in ice dynamics were a response to external climatic forcing that controlled deglaciation at the ice-sheet scale as well as to internal reorganization due to the influence of topography, subglacial hydrology and glacier thermal regime. During the local LGM, the southern sector of the Scandinavian Ice Sheet in Poland was dominated by four simultaneously operating ice streams, likely active for several millennia, followed by fast active recession interrupted by three main periods of ice stream stagnation. Increased ice-flow dynamics during the period of the Young Baltic advances are suggested to be caused by variations in subglacial hydrology and the polythermal structure of the ice sheet.

中文翻译：

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冰流模式揭示了最后一个斯堪的纳维亚冰盖最南端部分的动态

最后一个斯堪的纳维亚冰盖的波兰部分是研究冰盖排水和衰减的关键区域，因为它位于大型动态波罗的海冰流复合体的陆地终点。基于 0.4 米 LiDAR 数字高程模型的地貌图显示了大约 940 个流线型地貌，其中许多是第一次展示，由大型冰川线和鼓声组成。线状流集连同相关的地貌被用来识别 17 条冰流，占研究区域的 80%。我们证明了细微的地形变化在影响冰盖动力学方面发挥了重要作用。冰动力学的变化是对外部气候强迫的响应，控制冰盖尺度的冰川消融以及由于地形、冰下水文和冰川热状况的影响而导致的内部重组。在当地 LGM 期间，波兰斯堪的纳维亚冰原的南部部分由四个同时运行的冰流主导，可能活跃了数千年，随后是快速的活跃衰退，被三个主要的冰流停滞期中断。在年轻的波罗的海推进期间，冰流动力学的增加被认为是由冰下水文和冰盖多热结构的变化引起的。波兰斯堪的纳维亚冰原的南部由四个同时运行的冰流主导，可能活跃了数千年，随后是快速的活跃衰退，被三个主要的冰流停滞期打断。在年轻的波罗的海推进期间，冰流动力学的增加被认为是由冰下水文和冰盖多热结构的变化引起的。波兰斯堪的纳维亚冰原的南部由四个同时运行的冰流主导，可能活跃了几千年，随后是快速的活跃衰退，被三个主要的冰流停滞期打断。在年轻的波罗的海推进期间，冰流动力学的增加被认为是由冰下水文和冰盖多热结构的变化引起的。