Diabetic foot ulcer infections are the main causes of hospitalization in diabetics. The present study aimed to develop vancomycin and imipenem/cilastatin loaded core-shell nanofibers to facilitate the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers. Therefore, novel core-shell nanofibers composed of polyethylene oxide, chitosan, and vancomycin in shell and polyvinylpyrrolidone, gelatin, and imipenem/cilastatin in core compartments were prepared using the electrospinning technique. The nanofibers were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, tensile test, and drug release. The antibacterial activity of drug-loaded nanofibers in different drugs concentrations was evaluated against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa by disk diffusion method. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity of fibers was investigated by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide assay. The obtained results showed that the prepared nanofibers were smooth having a core-shell structure with almost no cytotoxicity. The nanofibrous mats exhibited significant antibacterial activity against S. aureus and MRSA with the inhibition zones of 2.9 and 2.5 cm and gram-negative bacteria species of E. coli and P. aeruginosa with the inhibition zones of 1.9 and 2.8 cm, respectively. With respect to the significant antibacterial activities of these nanofibrous mats, they might be used as suitable drug delivery devices not only for diabetic foot ulcer infections but also for other chronic wounds.

糖尿病足溃疡感染是糖尿病患者住院的主要原因。本研究旨在开发万古霉素和亚胺培南/西司他丁负载的核壳纳米纤维，以促进糖尿病足溃疡的治疗。因此，使用静电纺丝技术制备了由壳中的聚环氧乙烷，壳聚糖和万古霉素以及壳室中的聚乙烯吡咯烷酮，明胶和亚胺培南/西司他丁组成的新型核-壳纳米纤维。使用扫描电子显微镜，透射电子显微镜，傅立叶变换红外光谱，拉伸试验和药物释放来表征纳米纤维。评估了载药纳米纤维在不同药物浓度下对耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）的抗菌活性，大肠杆菌和铜绿假单胞菌采用圆盘扩散法。此外，通过3-（4，5-二甲基噻唑-2-基）-2，5-二苯基-2H-四唑溴化物测定法研究了纤维的细胞毒性。获得的结果表明，所制备的纳米纤维是光滑的，具有核-壳结构，几乎没有细胞毒性。纳米纤维垫对金黄色葡萄球菌和MRSA表现出显着的抗菌活性，抑制区为2.9和2.5 cm，革兰氏阴性菌为大肠杆菌和铜绿假单胞菌。分别具有1.9和2.8 cm的抑制区。关于这些纳米纤维垫的显着的抗菌活性，它们不仅可以用作糖尿病足溃疡感染而且可以用于其他慢性伤口的合适的药物递送装置。