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Yield variability trends of winter wheat and spring barley grown during 1932–2019 in the Askov Long-term Experiment
Field Crops Research ( IF 5.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-02-12 , DOI: 10.1016/j.fcr.2021.108083
J. Macholdt , S. Hadasch , H.-P. Piepho , M. Reckling , A. Taghizadeh-Toosi , B.T. Christensen

Designing cropping systems with low yield variability (or high yield stability) is becoming increasingly important because of the ongoing climatic and agronomic challenges. The trends in yield variability under various agronomic managements can be evaluated by conducting long-term experiments. By using a novel statistical analysis method, we estimated the long-term yield variability trends for winter wheat and spring barley grown in the Askov Long-term Experiment (Denmark) with different rates of mineral fertilizers (½, 1, and 1½ NPK) and animal manure (½, 1, and 1½ AM). Yield data from 1932 to 2019 were analyzed using a mixed model approach with restricted maximum likelihood (REML)-based parameter estimates. Across all nutrient treatments, winter wheat showed lower temporal yield variability than spring barley in the first decade. However, particularly, since 2006, the wheat yield variability trend increased mainly under treatments with higher NPK rates (1 and 1½). Spring barley also showed an increasing trend in yield variability; however, compared to wheat, this trend was less pronounced. Therefore, wheat yields were less stable than barley yields during the last decade. Wheat and barley yields fluctuated more under higher NPK rates (1 and 1½) than under a reduced rate (½ NPK). In general, animal manure provided more stable yields than NPK for wheat as well as for barley. The long-term trends in yield variability of cropping systems with winter wheat and spring barley were affected by the choice of crop, nutrient source and application rate, and increasing climatic variability.



中文翻译:

在Askov长期试验中,1932–2019年间生长的冬小麦和春大麦的产量变异趋势

由于持续的气候和农学挑战,设计具有低产量变异性(或高产量稳定性)的种植系统变得越来越重要。可以通过进行长期实验来评估各种农艺管理下的产量变异趋势。通过使用一种新颖的统计分析方法,我们估算了在Askov长期试验(丹麦)中使用不同肥料,不同肥料(分别为NPK,1 / 2、1和1½NPK)施用的冬小麦和春大麦的长期产量变异趋势,以及动物粪便(1 / 2、1和1½AM)。使用基于受限最大似然(REML)的参数估计的混合模型方法分析了1932年至2019年的收益数据。在所有养分处理中,在头十年中,冬小麦的瞬时产量变异性均低于春季大麦。然而,特别是自2006年以来,小麦产量变异性趋势主要是在NPK率较高(1和1½)的处理下增加的。大麦春还显示出产量变异性的增加趋势。但是,与小麦相比,这种趋势并不明显。因此,在过去十年中,小麦的产量比大麦的产量不稳定。在较高的氮磷钾肥水平(1和1.5)下,小麦和大麦的产量波动要比在较低的氮磷钾肥水平(1/2 NPK)下波动更大。通常,小麦和大麦的动物粪肥产量均比氮磷钾稳定。作物选择,养分来源和施用量以及气候变异性的增加都影响着冬小麦和春大麦的耕作系统产量变异的长期趋势。小麦产量变异性趋势主要在NPK较高的处理下(1和1.5)增加。大麦春还显示出产量变异性的增加趋势。但是,与小麦相比,这种趋势并不明显。因此,在过去十年中,小麦的产量比大麦的产量不稳定。在较高的氮磷钾肥水平(1和1.5)下,小麦和大麦的产量波动要比在较低的氮磷钾肥水平(1/2 NPK)下波动更大。通常,小麦和大麦的动物粪肥产量均比氮磷钾稳定。作物选择,养分来源和施用量以及气候变异性的增加都影响着冬小麦和春大麦的耕作系统产量变异的长期趋势。小麦产量变异性趋势主要在NPK较高的处理下(1和1.5)增加。大麦春还显示出产量变异性的增加趋势。但是,与小麦相比,这种趋势并不明显。因此,在过去十年中,小麦的产量比大麦的产量不稳定。在较高的氮磷钾肥水平(1和1.5)下,小麦和大麦的产量波动要比在较低的氮磷钾肥水平(1/2 NPK)下波动更大。通常,小麦和大麦的动物粪肥产量均比氮磷钾稳定。作物选择,养分来源和施用量以及气候变异性的增加都影响着冬小麦和春大麦的耕作系统产量变异的长期趋势。这种趋势不太明显。因此,在过去十年中,小麦的产量比大麦的产量不稳定。在较高的氮磷钾肥水平(1和1.5)下,小麦和大麦的产量波动要比在较低的氮磷钾肥水平(1/2 NPK)下波动更大。通常,小麦和大麦的动物粪肥产量均比氮磷钾稳定。作物选择,养分来源和施用量以及气候变异性的增加都影响着冬小麦和春大麦的耕作系统产量变异的长期趋势。这种趋势不太明显。因此,在过去十年中,小麦的产量比大麦的产量不稳定。在较高的氮磷钾肥水平(1和1.5)下,小麦和大麦的产量波动要比在较低的氮磷钾肥水平(1/2 NPK)下波动更大。通常,小麦和大麦的动物粪肥产量均比氮磷钾稳定。作物选择,养分来源和施用量以及气候变异性的增加都影响着冬小麦和春大麦的耕作系统产量变异的长期趋势。

更新日期:2021-02-15
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