The use of a high-density lichen transplant network together with quantitative wind relationships (WQRs) made it possible to evaluate the influence of an airport and surrounding road network on the spatial variation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and trace elements at both the local and whole study area scale. WQRs clearly showed that the parking/idling/taxiing area (PIT), but not the landing/take-off zones (LTZs), as well as the north/north-east part of the road network were contributors at the whole study area scale to the spatial variation of elements like Ni, Mo and V, i.e. those associated with ultrafine particles due to their involvement in anti-wear materials, and of total PAHs. In the case of an airport, such a result can have strong management implications. Traffic also affected the concentration of the prevailing volatile organic compounds. In contrast, LTZs and high traffic density values were correlated with peaks of Zn, Mo, Cu, Co, Mn, Ni, V, Al and Sb when associated with coarse particulate matter generated by deterioration of the landing gear, fuselage, wings, runway asphalt and brakes. The remarkable percentage of high-speed winds strongly affected both the spatial distribution of anthropogenic emissions and their atmospheric dilution, resulting in a rather low level of contamination. Our results suggest that biomonitoring can be much improved when matched with WQRs and that, in the event of high wind speeds, PAHs associated with the gas phase and fine/ultrafine particles are effective contamination tracers mainly at the whole study area scale whereas trace elements reveal contamination patterns at both scales.

高密度地衣移植网络与定量风向关系（WQRs）的结合使用，可以评估机场和周围道路网络对当地多环芳烃（PAHs）和微量元素的空间变化的影响和整个研究区域规模。WQRs清楚地表明，停车/怠速/滑行区域（PIT），而不是着陆/起飞区域（LTZs），以及道路网络的北/东北部，是整个研究区域范围的贡献者镍，钼和钒等元素的空间变化，即与超细颗粒有关的元素（由于它们涉及抗磨材料）和全部PAHs的空间变化。就机场而言，这种结果可能会对管理产生重大影响。交通也影响了主要挥发性有机化合物的浓度。相比之下，当起落架，机身，机翼，跑道的劣化产生粗颗粒物时，LTZ和高交通密度值与Zn，Mo，Cu，Co，Mn，Ni，V，Al和Sb的峰值相关沥青和刹车。高速风的显着百分比强烈地影响了人为排放物的空间分布及其对大气的稀释，从而导致相当低的污染水平。我们的结果表明，与WQRs配合使用时，生物监测可以大大改善，并且在高风速的情况下，