Immunosenescence contributes to cognitive impairment and neurodegeneration, and those conditions could be attenuated by non-pharmacological anti-inflammatory strategies, such as exercise and supplementation with the amino acid taurine. Since taurine body content decreases with aging, we investigated the effects of supplementation (alone and combined with exercise) on oxidative stress, extracellular matrix degradation, white blood cells, neurotrophins, cognition and physical fitness of elderly women. Forty-eight women (83.58 ± 6.98 years) were enrolled into exercise training only (EO: n = 13), taurine supplementation (TS: n = 12), exercise training + taurine supplementation (ETTS: n = 11), and control group (CG: n = 12). All interventions lasted 14 weeks. Exercise was applied twice a week, and taurine was given once a day (1.5 g). Data collection occurred before and after interventions with the determination of myeloperoxidase (MPO), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), nerve growth factor (NGF) levels, and white blood cell counts (WBC). Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) and physical fitness tests were also evaluated. Concentration of MPO and MMP-9 decreased after intervention in TS (p < 0.05). No effect of time or time × group was observed for WBC parameters; however, univariate analysis showed a significant decrease in lymphocytes for TS, while an increase in monocytes occurred in the CG (p < 0.05). MoCA scores decreased over time in the CG (p < 0.05). Improvements in physical fitness occurred in ETTS (better agility and aerobic capacity), mostly likely due to exercise and boosted by taurine supplementation. No changes in BDNF levels were observed (p > 0.05), while NGF concentration were undetectable in almost subjects. Exercise together with taurine supplementation appears to be a valuable strategy to enhance health-related outcomes in older persons.

免疫衰老会导致认知障碍和神经变性，这些情况可以通过非药物抗炎策略来减轻，例如运动和补充氨基酸牛磺酸。由于体内牛磺酸含量随着年龄的增长而减少，我们研究了补充剂（单独和结合运动）对老年女性氧化应激、细胞外基质降解、白细胞、神经营养因子、认知和身体健康的影响。48 名女性（83.58 ± 6.98 岁）仅参加运动训练（EO：n  = 13）、补充牛磺酸（TS：n  = 12）、运动训练 + 补充牛磺酸（ETTS：n  = 11）和对照组(CG: n = 12）。所有干预持续了 14 周。每周锻炼两次，每天服用一次牛磺酸（1.5 克）。在干预前后收集数据，测定髓过氧化物酶 (MPO)、基质金属蛋白酶-9 (MMP-9)、脑源性神经营养因子 (BDNF)、神经生长因子 (NGF) 水平和白细胞计数 (WBC) ）。还评估了蒙特利尔认知评估 (MoCA) 和体能测试。干预 TS 后 MPO 和 MMP-9 浓度降低 ( p  < 0.05)。未观察到 WBC 参数受时间或时间 × 组的影响；然而，单变量分析显示 TS 淋巴细胞显着减少，而 CG 中单核细胞增加（p  < 0.05）。MoCA 分数在 CG 中随时间下降（p  < 0.05)。身体素质的改善发生在 ETTS（更好的敏捷性和有氧能力）中，主要是由于运动和牛磺酸补充剂的促进。没有观察到 BDNF 水平的变化（p  > 0.05），而几乎在受试者中检测不到 NGF 浓度。运动与牛磺酸补充剂一起似乎是提高老年人健康相关结果的重要策略。