Natural hybridization occurs in sites where Pinus halepensis Mill. and Pinus brutia Ten. overlap geographically. Studies have shown that these hybrids demonstrate vigorous growth. Currently, there is no efficient method for hybrid identification. In the present study, a transcriptome database that was established from P. halepensis and P. brutia provided 111,388 potential SNP markers for hybrid identification. We selected 295 SNPs that were verified in silico using the Integrative Genomics Viewer (IGV) program. Forty-three SNPs were confirmed in vitro using several methods, including CAPS, HRM, TaqMan, KASP, and direct sequencing. Seven SNPs that were used for genotyping P. brutia trees in three planted sites along the climatic gradient of Israel demonstrated hybrid incidences of 2.5, 6.3, and 9.4%. The trunk volume of the hybrids in these sites was 2.9, 2.4, and 1.2 times larger than that of their P. brutia neighboring trees. Differences among the sites in the hybrid vigorous growth extent might have resulted from several factors, including genetic source, stand age, thinning history, and site conditions. However, the overall vigorous growth of the hybrids that was more pronounced in the arid site highlights the potential of interspecific hybridization as a means for improving the drought resistance of forest trees. This work provides a reliable SNP database for the identification of P. brutia × P. halepensis hybrids for the potential utilization of these hybrids to confront changes in climate.

天然杂交发生在松林（Hinus halepensis Mill）所在地。和布鲁斯松10。在地理上重叠。研究表明，这些杂种表现出旺盛的生长。当前，没有用于混合识别的有效方法。在本研究中，从建立一个转录数据库P. halepensis和P. brutia用于混合识别提供111388个潜在SNP标记。我们选择了使用Integrative Genomics Viewer（IGV）程序通过计算机验证的295个SNP。使用几种方法在体外确认了43个SNP，包括CAPS，HRM，TaqMan，KASP和直接测序。七个用于S. brutia基因分型的SNP沿以色列气候梯度的三个种植点上的乔木显示混合发生率分别为2.5％，6.3％和9.4％。在这些地点，杂种的树干体积比其假单胞菌相邻树的树干体积大2.9倍，2.4倍和1.2倍。杂种旺盛生长程度的位点之间的差异可能是由多种因素引起的，包括遗传来源，林分年龄，稀疏史和位点条件。但是，杂种的整体强劲生长在干旱地区更为明显，这突出表明了种间杂交作为提高林木抗旱性的手段的潜力。这项工作提供了一个可靠的SNP数据库，用于鉴定布鲁氏疟原虫×哈氏疟原虫 杂种的潜在利用，以应对气候变化。