Anemia is a significant public health problem worldwide especially among pregnant women in low- and middle-income countries. In this study, a mathematical model of the population dynamics of anemia during pregnancy and postpartum is constructed. In the modeling process, four independent variables have been considered: (1) the numbers of nonpregnant nonanemic women, (2) anemic nonpregnant women, (3) anemic pregnant or postpartum women and (4) anemic pregnant or postpartum women with complications. The mathematical model is governed by a system of first-order ordinary differential equations. The stability analysis of the model is conducted using Routh–Hurwitz criteria. There is one nonnegative equilibrium point which is asymptotically stable. The equilibrium point obtained indicates the influential parameters that can be controlled to minimize the number of patients at each stage. The proposed model can be employed to forecast the future incidence and prevalence of the disease and appraise intervention programs.

贫血是世界范围内一个重要的公共卫生问题，尤其是在低收入和中等收入国家的孕妇中。本研究构建了孕期和产后贫血人群动态的数学模型。在建模过程中，考虑了四个自变量：(1) 非妊娠非贫血妇女的数量，(2) 贫血非妊娠妇女，(3) 贫血孕妇或产后妇女和 (4) 贫血孕妇或产后并发症。数学模型由一阶常微分方程组控制。模型的稳定性分析是使用 Routh-Hurwitz 准则进行的。存在一个渐近稳定的非负平衡点。获得的平衡点表示可以控制以最小化每个阶段的患者数量的影响参数。所提出的模型可用于预测疾病的未来发病率和流行率并评估干预计划。