Industrial enzymes have been widely preferred in various industries such as chemical production, food & beverage, pharmaceutical, textile, cosmetics, etc. due to the advancements in recent years. They are considered more economic than using whole cells and more environmental-friendly than chemical alternatives. Since the demand for industrial enzymes has been rising, the development of production strategies has been gathered speed. In this respect, the efficiency of Pichia pastoris (P. pastoris) as a host for heterologous protein expression has proved and gained attention due to its great potential for large-scale studies. Especially high-cell density fermentation of P. pastoris is a well-studied and efficient method. Moreover, the improvements in the state of art gene-editing tools have broadened the possibilities of strain improvement for P. pastoris. This review summarized the role of P. pastoris as a cell factory by accentuating the accomplishments in biocatalyst production. Moreover, the benefits and challenges of the most relevant expression systems named Escherichia coli (E. coli), Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S. cerevisiae), P. pastoris and recent evolvements and future directions were revealed in detail. Subsequently, offers for prospects and the latest evolvements to enhance the recombinant protein production were discussed.

由于近年来的进步，工业酶已广泛应用于化工生产、食品饮料、制药、纺织、化妆品等各个行业。它们被认为比使用全细胞更经济，比化学替代品更环保。由于对工业酶的需求不断上升，生产策略的发展速度加快。在这方面，毕赤酵母（P. pastoris）作为异源蛋白表达宿主的效率已被证明并因其在大规模研究中的巨大潜力而​​受到关注。特别是毕赤酵母的高细胞密度发酵是一种经过充分研究且有效的方法。此外，最先进的基因编辑工具的改进拓宽了毕赤酵母菌株改良的可能性。本综述通过强调生物催化剂生产方面的成就，总结了毕赤酵母作为细胞工厂的作用。此外，最相关的表达系统的好处和挑战，如大肠杆菌（E.coli）、酿酒酵母（S.cerevisiae）、巴斯德毕赤酵母并详细揭示了最近的发展和未来方向。随后，讨论了提高重组蛋白生产的前景和最新进展。