Following the exceptional discovery of Neolithic engravings on a boulder at Vallee aux Noirs in the Fontainebleau forest, south of Paris, an excavation trench was opened in order to access the buried part of the decorated rock panel and explore the stratigraphic context of the artwork. A palaeosol was found two metres below the modern ground level, underneath multiple layers of sterile sandy soil forming a very compact sequence from which only one archaeological artefact was recovered – an Iron Age fibula (c.200–300 BC). Dating of the palaeosol was attempted through two different methods: AMS dates from charcoal suggest a significant span from the Early Bronze Age to the Iron Age, while two more consistent OSL dates point to formation of the palaeosol during the Late Neolithic (3500–3000 cal BC). The entire engraved rock surface (16 m2), including its buried part, was fully recorded. Four main semiotic groups were identified: a typical fifth‐millennium crook‐hafted axe with a ring, two boats with steering oars, and a central, very tall human figure dominating the composition from its 3.5‐metre height.

中文翻译：

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Buthiers（法国Seine-et-Marne）的ValléeAux Noirs新石器时代新岩石艺术遗址的近期发掘和记录

在巴黎以南的枫丹白露森林的Vallee aux Noirs的一块巨石上发现了新石器时代的雕刻之后，开挖了一条挖沟，以便进入被装饰的岩石板的埋藏部分，并探索艺术品的地层背景。在现代地面以下两米处发现了古土壤，在多层无菌沙质土壤之下，形成了一个非常紧凑的序列，从中仅恢复了一个考古文物–铁器时代腓骨（约200-300 BC）。尝试通过两种不同的方法对古土壤进行定年：从木炭中提取的AMS数据表明从青铜时代到铁器时代有很大的跨度，而另外两个一致的OSL日期则表明新石器时代晚期（3500–3000 cal公元前）。整个雕刻岩石表面（16平方米），包括其埋葬部分在内的所有信息均被完整记录。确定了四个主要的符号组：一个典型的带环的五千年的弯柄斧头，两条带操纵桨的船以及一个中央的非常高的人物形象，从其3.5米的高度起主导着这一构图。