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Environmental determinism and archaeology. Understanding and evaluating determinism in research design
Archaeological Dialogues Pub Date : 2019-06-07 , DOI: 10.1017/s1380203819000059
V. P. J. Arponen , Walter Dörfler , Ingo Feeser , Sonja Grimm , Daniel Groß , Martin Hinz , Daniel Knitter , Nils Müller-Scheeßel , Konrad Ott , Artur Ribeiro

With the emergence of modern techniques of environmental analysis and widespread availability of accessible tools and quantitative data, the question of environmental determinism is once again on the agenda. This paper is theoretical in character, attempting, for the benefit of drawing up research designs, to understand and evaluate the character of environmental determinism. We reach three main conclusions: (1) in a typical pattern of research design, studies seek to detect simultaneous shifts in the environmental and archaeological records, variously positing the former to have influenced, triggered or caused the latter; (2) the question of determinism involves uncertainty about the justification for the above research design in particular in what comes to biologism and the concept of environmental thresholds on the one hand and the externality of the drivers of transformation in human groups and societies on the other; (3) adapting the concepts of the social production of vulnerability and the social basis of hazards from anthropology may help to clarify the available research design choices at hand.

中文翻译:

环境决定论和考古学。理解和评估研究设计中的确定性

随着现代环境分析技术的出现以及可访问工具和定量数据的广泛使用,环境决定论问题再次提上议事日程。本文在性质上是理论性的,试图理解和评估环境决定论的性质,以利于制定研究设计。我们得出三个主要结论:(1)在典型的研究设计模式中,研究试图检测环境和考古记录的同时变化,以不同方式假设前者影响、触发或导致后者;(2) 决定论的问题涉及上述研究设计的正当性的不确定性,特别是一方面涉及生物学和环境阈值的概念,另一方面涉及人类群体和社会转型驱动因素的外部性; (3) 调整脆弱性的社会生产和人类学危害的社会基础的概念可能有助于阐明手头可用的研究设计选择。
更新日期:2019-06-07
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