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The precarious conviviality of watermills
Archaeological Dialogues Pub Date : 2018-05-11 , DOI: 10.1017/s1380203818000089
Michael Given

Social institutions such as the water-powered grain mills of Ottoman Cyprus are elaborately interconnected with a wide range of human and non-human players, from millers and villagers to water, gradient, stone and climate. When participants recognize their mutual dependencies and operate according to social and environmental limits, then following Ivan Illich we can call these watermills convivial tools. The European-owned sugar plantations, mills and refineries of medieval Cyprus, by contrast, divided and alienated their workforce, and their demands for water, labour, soil and fuel surpassed what their landscape and society could provide. They are, then, unconvivial tools. Conviviality is always precarious: it needs continual negotiation, conflict and compromise, as well as an acceptance of the mutual dependence of all participants, non-human and human. This politics of conviviality is particularly urgent in times of social and ecological crisis.

中文翻译:

水车摇摇欲坠的欢乐

奥斯曼塞浦路斯的水力磨坊等社会机构与广泛的人类和非人类参与者密切相关,从磨坊主和村民到水、坡度、石头和气候。当参与者认识到他们的相互依赖关系并根据社会和环境限制进行操作时,按照 Ivan Illich,我们可以将这些水车称为欢乐工具。相比之下,中世纪塞浦路斯的欧洲拥有的糖厂、糖厂和炼油厂分裂和疏远了他们的劳动力,他们对水、劳动力、土壤和燃料的需求超过了他们的景观和社会所能提供的。因此,它们是不愉快的工具。欢乐总是不稳定的:它需要不断的谈判、冲突和妥协,以及接受所有参与者的相互依赖,非人类和人类。这种欢乐的政治在社会和生态危机时期尤为紧迫。
更新日期:2018-05-11
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