Gender archaeology approaches to Iberian late prehistory have experienced a significant growth in the last two decades. However, much of the work undertaken has focused on specific aspects of the archaeological record (rock art, burial practices), particularly from the Bronze Age and Iron Age periods for which the evidence is more readily available. In addition, it has tended to be regional or local in scope. Here, we attempt an empirically robust multi-proxy approach to the development of early gender inequalities in Neolithic Iberia. Inspired by Gerda Lerner's ideas on the origins of patriarchy and based on a systematic collection of data analysed by means of significance testing, we present the first comprehensive study of gender dissymmetries in Iberian prehistory. Our conclusions suggest that, first, the multi-proxy method used has potential for the systematic study of gender inequalities on the basis of archaeological data and, second, that the Neolithic witnessed emerging gender inequalities that set the basis for male domination in later periods.

中文翻译：

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新石器时代伊比利亚的性别不平等：一种多重代理方法

在过去的二十年里，对伊比利亚晚期史前史的性别考古学方法经历了显着的发展。然而，所进行的大部分工作都集中在考古记录的特定方面（岩石艺术、墓葬实践），特别是青铜时代和铁器时代的证据更容易获得的时期。此外，它的范围往往是区域性的或地方性的。在这里，我们尝试一种经验丰富的多代理方法来发展新石器时代伊比利亚的早期性别不平等。受 Gerda Lerner 关于父权制起源的观点的启发，我们基于通过显着性检验分析的系统收集数据，首次对伊比利亚史前时期的性别不对称进行了全面研究。我们的结论表明，首先，