Abstract The relationship between the idyll and narration has a paradoxical nature: In its state of complete harmony, the idyll is beyond any change or development. In terms of narration, however, this poses a fundamental difficulty. This was a problem already recognized in Schiller’s reflections on the idyll in the context of the philosophy of history, expounded in his essay On Naïve and Sentimental Poetry (Über naive und sentimentale Dichtung). By depicting a golden age, i. e., a state that can only ever be appreciated in retrospect, the idyll, according to Schiller, inspires, above all, the pursuit of such a state of harmony in the present. In identification of the idyllic consciousness, representation can only take the form of endangerment by external threats, and in certain cases, the successful overcoming of these threats. Conversely, it is only possible to show the idyll as a state not yet realized, still to be pursued from a perspective outside of the idyllic consciousness. Consequently, the device of a distant, masterful narrator is instrumental to the nuanced depiction of both Prague’s Lesser Quarter (Malá Strana or Kleinseite) in Jan Neruda’s eponymous tales and the Oblomovka country estate in Ivan Gončarov’s novel Oblomov. In both instances, the narrative allows for a critique of the premature realization of pseudo-idyll. Furthermore, the idyll is put into perspective so that beyond signifying loss, its potential to inspire visions of the future is summoned.

中文翻译：

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乌托邦潜在的田园诗在叙述中：伊万·贡察罗夫斯·奥布洛莫夫卡和扬·聂鲁达斯·克莱因塞特

摘要 田园诗与叙事的关系具有悖论性：在完全和谐的状态下，田园诗是没有任何变化和发展的。然而，就叙述而言，这构成了一个根本性的困难。这是席勒在历史哲学语境下对田园诗的反思中已经认识到的一个问题，在他的论文《论天真和感伤的诗歌》（Über naive und senseale Dichtung）中进行了阐述。根据席勒的说法，通过描绘黄金时代，即只能在回顾中才能欣赏的状态，田园诗首先激发了人们对当下这种和谐状态的追求。在田园意识的认同中，表征只能采取外部威胁的危害形式，在某些情况下，成功克服这些威胁。反过来，只能将田园诗展现为一种尚未实现的状态，仍需从田园诗意之外的角度去追寻。因此，一个遥远的、高超的叙述者的手段有助于对扬·聂鲁达同名故事中的布拉格小区（马拉斯特拉纳或克莱因塞特）和伊万·贡察罗夫的小说奥布洛莫夫中的奥布洛莫夫卡乡村庄园的细致描绘。在这两种情况下，叙事都允许对伪田园诗的过早实现提出批评。此外，田园诗被置于透视之中，因此除了象征损失之外，它激发未来愿景的潜力也被召唤出来。精湛的叙述者有助于对扬·聂鲁达同名故事中的布拉格小区（马拉斯特拉纳或克莱因塞特）和伊万·贡查罗夫的小说奥布洛莫夫中的奥布洛莫夫卡乡村庄园的细致描绘。在这两种情况下，叙事都允许对伪田园诗的过早实现提出批评。此外，田园诗被置于透视之中，因此除了象征损失之外，它激发未来愿景的潜力也被召唤出来。精湛的叙述者有助于对扬·聂鲁达同名故事中的布拉格小区（马拉斯特拉纳或克莱因塞特）和伊万·贡查罗夫的小说奥布洛莫夫中的奥布洛莫夫卡乡村庄园的细致描绘。在这两种情况下，叙事都允许对伪田园诗的过早实现提出批评。此外，田园诗被置于透视之中，因此除了象征损失之外，它激发未来愿景的潜力也被召唤出来。