ABSTRACT Exposure to a multitude of risks, including food insecurity, poverty, and – perhaps most prominently – HIV can be damaging for early childhood survival, healthy growth and development. Yet, guidance regarding the implementation factors that contribute to early child development-focussed programme success is lacking in low- and middle-income countries broadly, and sub-Saharan Africa in particular. Having access to guidelines for practice and implementation could assist in improving the implementation of programmes to improve early childhood development. We conducted a narrative review of the literature with the goal of identifying how implementation features of these early interventions may influence the effectiveness of such work in the complex contexts which characterise this region. Our final review included 197 for final analysis. There were two primary cross-cutting findings. Firstly, the benefit for parents was less clear than they were for children, and secondly, while the benefits for children were clear, those most at risk benefited the most. Home visiting was found to be the predominant service delivery platform, and positive outcomes for children were reported when home visiting programmes were implemented by trained non-professionals, whereas positive parent outcomes were reported more frequently when delivered by professionals. In early childhood care and education programmes, positive outcomes for children and parents were reported when they were implemented by both trained non-professionals and professionals. Trained non-professionals facilitating parent groups produced similar benefits to groups run by professionals. Take-home lessons for successful programmes were that high levels of attendance, regular sessions of at least an hour duration, with the programme continuing for more than 6 months and closer to a year are key for effectiveness.

中文翻译：

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艾滋病毒高负担国家干预措施的计划指南：叙事回顾

摘要暴露于多种风险中，包括粮食不安全，贫困以及（也许最显着的）艾滋病毒可能损害儿童的早期生存，健康的成长和发展。但是，在低收入和中等收入国家，尤其是撒哈拉以南非洲地区，缺乏有关有助于以儿童早期发展为重点的计划成功的实施因素的指导。获得有关实践和实施的指导方针可以帮助改善改善儿童早期发展的计划的实施。我们对文献进行了叙述性回顾，目的是确定这些早期干预措施的实施特征可能如何在表征该地区的复杂情况下影响此类工作的有效性。我们的最终评估包括197项最终分析。有两个主要的跨领域发现。首先，给父母带来的好处不如给孩子带来好处；其次，虽然给孩子带来的好处是显而易见的，但风险最大的人受益最大。发现家庭探访是主要的服务提供平台，由训练有素的非专业人员实施家庭探访计划时，对儿童的积极成果得到了报告，而由专业人员提供的父母积极成果则更为频繁。在幼儿保育和教育计划中，由受过训练的非专业人员和专业人员实施的儿童和父母取得了积极成果。训练有素的非专业人员为父母群体提供便利，与专业人士管理的群体产生了相似的收益。